224 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



J.— Pleasant Point. An ane-ii-nt Indian village, now ihc ch'wt village of the 

 l'assiniacinoddii's, called by them ISei--hi/-i/:. It is mentioned as an Indian 

 village in ( )\ven"s journal of 1770. According to Lewis Mitciiell, one of the 

 best informed of the Pas.«ianiaqiioddies, the chief Pa.s.samaquoddy village 

 was first at St Andrews, then at Indian Island, then at Birch Point, three 

 miles below Pleasant Point, and finally at Plea.«:ant Point- 



K. — Indian Island. As the name indicates, this is known to have been a resort 

 (if theirs fnim early times. Lorimer states that they had here a burying- 

 •rnmnd. Church found Indians here in 1704. 



L. — Campobello. I Imve found lu) record of an ancient settlement on this island, 

 though it cannot be doubted they existed there. There is an Indian Beach 

 near Head Harbour, and <jn one late map Judiati I'oiut is given also to Duck 

 l'oint at the .«iouthern end of the island. 



M. — Grand Manan. Indian shell heaps are mentioned by Baird at Grand 

 Harbour, Nantucket Island and Cheney Island, and no doubt exist at many 

 other places. On the charts the southern point of Koss Island is called 

 Indian Oun/t Point. Near the northwest end of the island is Indian Beach, 

 where the Passamaquoddies still have a camping i^lace used while hunting 

 porpoise. 



N. — At the entrance of Letang River at the head of Letang Harbour the charts 

 show an Indian Point. 



O. — In a small cove close to Point Lepreau on the west side is an old camping 

 place still used by the Passamaquoddies. 



The principal camp sites in this District will be found marked on Map 

 No. 40. 



2. The St. John District. 



Along the main St. John, Indian camping places and temporary 

 settlements must have been innumerable. This valley not only main- 

 tained a con.siderable population, but it was a great highwa}" for travel, 

 abounded in game and fish, and is well-nigh lined on both banks by ideal 

 camping sites. Particularly at the mouths of the different rivers, where 

 there is almost invariably an intervale or low terrace flat, are the con- 

 ditions favourable. That such situations were thus occupied is indeed 

 told us by Gyles, who, describing his descent of the St. John about 1600, 

 tolls us, "As we passed down by the mouths of any large branches, we saw 

 Indians." It is only the i)rincipal of these camping grounds which can 

 be described here. 



A. — Madawaska. Probably this was never an extensive settlement. St. Valier, 

 before 1(188, found there a cabin of Christian Indians from Sillery, and 

 Gyles, who was there about KiOO, says " There an old man lived and ki'pt 

 a sort of trading-house." This is probably the place referred to by Cadillac 

 'w 1692, — " Forty-four lei\gues further, [above ^leductic] is another fort 

 where the Canibas ordinarily retreat to when they fear anything in their 

 own country." An " Indian village " is marked below the mouth of the 

 river on the Peachy map of 17S3 or later, and on others following it. Allan 

 (in Kidder, .'JOii) says there was a large village then.' in 1793. P.ishop Plessis 

 records that in 1812 but two wigwams remained of a former Indian village. 



