[GANONG] HISTORIC SITES IN NEW BRUNSWICK 225 



Perley, in lus Report of 1841, fully describes the condition of the village, 

 and gives tradition to show that it was formerly of considerable size. At 

 present there is a small Indian village and reservation about two miles 

 below the mouth of the Madawaska. The Chief of this village has told 

 me that in old times their settlement was just below the mouth of the 

 river on an intervale, and that their burial ground was on a mound easily 

 distinguishable about three-fourths of a mile below the Madawaska. 



B.— Grand Falls. I have found no record of a settlement here, but no doubt 

 there were camping places at the ends of the important portage around the 

 falls. Professor Bailey, in his " Relics of the Stone Age," states that Indian 

 implements have been found here in considerable variety. The exact situa- 

 tion of this portage will be described later. 



C— Aroostook Falls- Professor Bailey states that Indian implements have been 

 found here in considerable abundance, indicating a camping ground. 



D.— Indian Point. At the mouth of Tobique. Important as this settlement now 

 is (the largest on the St. John), it is nevertheless not very old. It was first 

 legally established in 1801. St. Yalier, in his narrative of his voyage down 

 the river before 1688, makes no mention of it, nor does Gyles, nor any 

 writer in the last century that I can find, though without doubt so impor- 

 tant a place must have been much used, at least as a camping ground. An 

 " Indian Chapel" is marked here on Foulis' map of 1826, and a full account 

 of the settlement is in Perley's Report of 1841. The name Tobique is said 

 by the Indians, and I believe correctly, to have been given by the whites 

 for the name of a chief who formerly lived at its mouth. The name of this 

 chief appears as Toubick, Tobic, etc, in various documents of the last 

 century, and the name was applied to the river at least as early as 1783 

 (Munro's Report and Morris' Map). 



No doubt Nictau has been an important camp ground from very early 

 times. There is an Indian Bay and an Indian Point at the eastern end of 

 Nictor Lake, which probably indicate cami^-sites. 



The site of the village of Hartland is a very favourable one for a camping 

 ground, especially since at the mouth of the Becaguimec is a famous salmon 

 pool ; the word guimec indeed means in Maliseet, " a salmon-pool." There 

 is an Indian Brook and Lake on the south branch of the Becaguimec, 

 probably a resort of the Indians. 



E. — Meduxnakeag. There was a camping place there mentioned by Gyles, and 

 it was probably on the island in front of the river, as pointed out by Mr. 

 Raymond in his " Old Meductic Fort " (p. 241). 



F. — Meductic. The history of this village has been traced by Rev. W. 0. 

 Raymond with the most satisfactory fulness and care, in his " The Old 

 Meductic Fort." This village was undoubtedly historically the most 

 important on the River St. John, and the only permanent settlement on 

 the river occupied from the beginning of the historic period down to the 

 middle of the present century. It stood on a rich intervale at the beginning 

 of the Meductic portage to Eel River (to be described below) about four 

 miles above the mouth of Eel River, and included a fort as well as a village. . 

 The map of the surroundings given by Mr. Raymond (page 226) shows 

 its particular location on the flat. St. Yalier before 1688 spoke of it as the 

 " premier fort de L'A cadie," of course in reference to its position as one 

 came from Quebec. Villebon in his Journal of 1691 calls it an Indian fort, 

 and Cadillac in 1692 also calls it a fort. Gyles and Pote have much to say 



