[ganong] historic SITES IN NEW BRUNSWICK 259 



perhaps from Lac de l'Est, to the Riviere du Loup, but they are given too 

 inaccurately to admit of identification. 



Between the Temiscouata and St. Francis basins are several portages ; 

 one from Long Lake at the head of the Cabano to the St. Francis, and 

 another from Long Lake to Baker Lake ; and there are other minor ones, all 

 marked on the Geological Survey map. 



E. — Black River-Ouelle. On some early maps, such as Bellin, 1744, the 

 Ouelle is made to head with a branch of the St. John, which can be only 

 the Black River. The Morris map of 1749 marks a portage from the St. 

 John to the Ouelle, and has this statement: " Expresses have passed in 

 seven days by these Rivers from Chiegnecto to Quebec." The exact route 

 of this portage I have not been able to determine. 



F.— North-West Branch -Riviere du Sud. This portage is first referred to 

 in a letter of 1685 from Dénonville to the Minister : i "Je joins a cette carte 

 un petit dessin du chemin le plus court pour se rendre d'icy en huict jours 

 de temps au Port Royal en Acadie, par une riviere que l'on nomme du Sud 

 et qui n'est qu'a huict ou dix lieues au dessous de Quebec. On le ramonte 

 environ dix lieues et par un j)ortage de trois lieues on tombe dans celle de 

 St. Jean qui entre dans la baye du Port Royal." This is probably the 

 Grand Portage referred to by Ward Chipman in one of his letters of the 

 last century. 



F. — St. John -Lake Etchemin. Portages between these rivers are mentioned 

 by Bouchette, under "Etchemin" in his Topographical Dictionary. The 

 river received its name from its use by the Etchemins (Maliseets and 

 Penobscots) as a route to Quebec. 



ir.— THE PERIOD OF EXPLORATION. 

 1. Routes of Cartier and op Champi.ain. 



Of the many explorers of the eastern coast of Canada prior to 

 Cartier, no one is known to have reached the shores of JSew Brunswick, 

 though there is no doubt that some one of them gave the name Baj^ of 

 Fundy. This Province, therefore, in this period had but two ex^îlorers, 

 both of whom, however, have left ample records of their voyages. One 

 was Cartier, who first made known our North Shore, and the other was 

 Champlain, who did the same for the Ba}^ of Fundy. In fact, it may be 

 claimed that these two are New Brunswick's only early explorers, the 

 only men sent out for the distinct purpose of making discovery and 

 properly recording their results in maps and reports. An exception 

 should, however, be made for DeMeuUes, who, in 1685-1686, made a 

 voyage of inspection and exploration to Acadia, which resulted in a 

 Report,^ and especially in the fine Franquelin-DeMeuUes map, which did 

 for the interior what Cartier and Champlain had done for the coasts. 



1 Quebec Ma. I, 346. 

 This Report I have tried in vain to trace. It is not with the original map in the 

 Archives du Depot des Cartes de la Marine in Paris. 



