278 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



made by Franquelin, and recently publislied by Marcel, Fort Martignon is 

 marked on the west side of the entrance to the St. John, while on the east 

 is marked Fort LaTour. Martignon's fort in all probability occupied the 

 site <pl" Chaniisay'.s, ami wius tiie Ki'cond on that site. 



G.— Fort St. Jean. In 17(K) Villebon built a fort at the mouth of the St. John, 

 whose site is placed beyond (jue.sti<jn by the plan of it preserveil in the 

 French Archives, of which a copy is herewith given. (Map No. 2'.y.j It 

 stood at Old Fort, Carleton, and probably was the third on that site. The 

 higher land that commanded the fort, sjjoken of in other records also, is the 

 high land on Water street, east of Ludlow, in Carleton. By advice of 

 liniuillan it wa.-; abandoned shortly after Villebon's death in 1700. 



H.— Fort Menagoueche. In 174!) the French troops came to St. John with the 

 intention to erect a fort, but they were forbidden by the Nova Scotia Oovern- 

 ment ; but a document of 1753 states that they had greatly strengthened the 

 old fort at the mouth of the river [Archives, 1894, 11»4], while another of 

 1755 [Archives, 1894, 200], shows tiiey had partially demolished it. This 

 was also, as shown by Monckton's Report, at the Old Fort at Carleton, and 

 hence probably the fourth on that site. 



I. — Fort Frederick. When Monckton landed here in 1758 he found the old 

 fort abandoned, and proceeded immediately to repair it, and his account 

 shows that it was the fort on this site he repaired. It was named Fort 

 Frederick in that year, and was probably the fifth on that site, and the 

 last. It is apparently the Fort called Fori Monckton on ]\Iorris' chart of 

 Nova Scotia of 1761. The place is now occupied by buildings, but some of 

 the ramparts can still be seen. It is known locally as the "Old Fc>rt," and 

 is generally believed by the residents to be the site of Fort LaTour. 



3. The Petitcodiac-Misseguash District. 



A. Settle.ments. 



By far the largest Acadian settlements in the territory of the present 

 New Brun.swick were around tlio great nalt marshes at the head of the 

 Bay of Fundy, particularly about the mouths of the Misseguash, AiiLac 

 and Tantramar rivers. Temple built a trading post at the "bottom of 

 the Bay" in 1659, which was probably in this region. (Archives, 1891, 3). 

 The first settlers removed from Port Royal to Beaubassin (i.e., in the 

 vicinity of Fort Lawrence in Nova Scotia) shortly after 1671. The whole 

 isthmus was granted in Seigniory to Sieur LaVallière in 1676, after which 

 the settlers rajiidly increased in numbers and sj^read to the Memram- 

 cook, Petitcodiac and Shepody, until at the time of the expul.sion in 

 1755, they numbered several hundreds in this region. LaVallière had a 

 Seigniorial manor, mentioned in a document of 1705 (Rameau, II, 337), 

 liut its site is unknown, thougl» probably it was on the present Tonges 

 Island, which was long called Isle LaVallière. After the expulsion the 

 Acadians were permitted, in 1767, by the Nova Scotia Government, to 

 return and settle on the Mcmramcook, and this settlement and a small 

 one at Fox Creek on the Petitcodiac, as M. Poirier pointed out in his " Père 



