346 ROY.AL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



followed by a period of ex[):uision of the Loyalist soitlemcnts and forma- 

 tion of new ones by the more restless or more enterprising settlers, whieh 

 lasted until about 1S19, wben extensive imniiirration from the Old World 

 began, introducing a new division of the period wliicdi lasted until Con- 

 federation. 



In the Post-Loyalist i)ei'iod there is but little of importance to our 

 present subject, and I shall speak only of three matters — the later forts 

 and military posts, the post-houses on the route from St. John to Quebec, 

 and the semaphore telegraph line from Xova Scotia to Frcdcricton. 



A. Block-houses, etc. 



In ITl'l (-Governor Carleton established two niilitar}- posts on ihe 

 Upper St. John. (Archives, 1895, N. B., 26, 28.) One of these was at 

 (jrand Falls, where it stood on the west side near the falls, on a site still 

 , locally well known. The other was at the mouth of the Presqu'île. Its 

 site is still well known as the "Garrison Land." It stood on a highland 

 on the south bank of the Presqu'île close to the St. John. 



After 1800, and esi)ecially in connection with the war of 1812, several 

 defence works were constructed in the province, notably the Martdlo 

 tower still standing at Carleton and several block-houses. A list of these 

 is given in a MS. Eeport of all the Barracks, etc , in New Brunswick in 

 1825 (now in possession of Mr. Wm. Murdoch, of St. John). The loca- 

 tion of tho.se about St. John is fixed for us by the very detailed MS. Field- 

 book of 1848, by Iveleher, now in the Crown Land Office. They were as 

 follows : The Johnston block-house, built 1808, stood on Wentworth street 

 between Leinster and King ; the Dorchester block-house, built 1807, stood 

 on the military land at the extreme south of the city ; another of these, 

 as shown by old plans (as Cunningham's plan of the harbour, 1835), 

 stood to the northwest and near the Martello tower, and was called Fort 

 Drumniond, or the Drummond Block-house, built 1813. Another stood 

 a short distance northeast of Fort Howe (Map No. 42). There was also 

 a blockhouse and battery on Partridge Island. The location, form, etc., 

 of all the batteries about St. John mentioned in the 1825 Report can be 

 fixed exactly by the Keleher Field-book. The battery and blockhouse 

 below Spoon Island, referred to in this paper (page 275), was built in 

 1813, though it is very difficult to account for its local name of the 

 " Old French Fort," unless some earlier work stood upon the .same site. 



At this time St. Andrews was an exposed and important place, and 

 Fort Tipperar}' was garrisoned, and later much improved, in a command- 

 ing situation back of the town, where its ruins are now perfectly dis- 

 tinct and well known. In 1813 also the three block-houses, with batteiies, 

 were built at St. Andrews (though locally they are said to have been built 

 earlier), as is shown beyond question by the Report of 1825. One, 



