444 rvOY.AI. SOCIETY OF CANAIA 



"Head of the Gulf is Table Heail, 400 feet high on the Island of An- 

 ticosti. South of this we have Rio dos Fudos, the "River of the Bot- 

 tom," or as we say, the head of the bay, viz., the St. Lawrence. Here 

 again we are absolutely certain of our position, and we can realize how 

 thoroughly the Gulf had been exjjlored. How far the head waters had 

 been examined we know not ; but some one had gone up far enough 

 to ascertain that it was the Rio dos Fudos. Coming south from this 

 point M-o reach R. da G en te. River of the People, or where there are 

 many natives. Now we know that this was around the Baie de Chaleur. 

 This is a well known fact, and our position is still certain. Continuing 

 we have R. S. Paulo. The only river wortli noting on that shore is 

 the Miramichi. Passing along we find S. Pedro, without doubt indi- 

 cating George''s Bay. Finally we reach C. Berta, clearly indicating, 

 as it often did. Cape Xorth, for as yet the Straits of Canso were un- 

 known. Compare these maps with a chart of the Gulf whilst following 

 the shore line, and attend to the significance of the names, and the truth 

 of this reading will be apparent. One will also be convinced that the 

 Gulf had been carefully explored. 



Turning now to Maggiolo's map we find Bio de S. Paulo, and 

 Terra de Multa Gente, " the country of many people," or the well in- 

 habited country. This, of course, corresponds to the Rio de Genie of 

 Kretschmers map. ITetice whoever supplied the information for 

 Maggiolo's map must have gone up as far as G^aspé Head. 



Dr. Dawson gives the date of Maggiolo's map as 1527. Mr. 

 Beazley says the date is 1516. I do not know which is the correct one. 

 In either case the Gulf was well opened up before Cartier's time. 



If we examine the coast line north of Cape Race (C. Rasso) we 

 shall find Conception Bay under its proper title. Trinity and Bona Yista 

 Bays are also given under other names. The cartogTapher does not 

 draw the outlines of these bays, he leaves open lines and writes, '"to 

 Conception Bay," etc. Continuing north we reach P. da Gama, Deer 

 Point. On Reinel's map, as well as on the so-called Cabot map, and on 

 others of the same century, this C. da Gama or P. da Gama, marks 

 the entrance of the Straits of Belle Isle. Sometimes it is our Cape 

 Bauld, at other times, it would appear to indicate the Cape on tlie 

 northern shore of the Straits. On Maggiolo's map it'indicates Cape St. 

 Lewis and P. del Gado, which on Cabot's m'ap is Cape St. Lewis, on 

 ^laggiolo's is Cape Bauld. Between these names, P. del Gado and P. 

 da Gama, Maggiolo leaves open lines and writes, ''A baia de padian,^ 



' I tliiuk it slinuld be Gadian, meiining Cattle Bay, tliat is, Seal Hay, for P. del 

 Gado is St'ai l'oinl. 



