488 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



passages contain the insortcd matter whiL-h was in cdW-t the cardinal 

 point of the whole movement. The two documents A and B, in fact 

 overlap ; while tho two documents B and C are supplemen^ary and 

 form a logical and consistent whole. The Bull C distinguishes the 

 respective sj^here*? of action of the two crowns, and the Bull B gathers 

 up all the rights, which in previous Bulls had been concode<l to Portu- 

 gal in its sphere, and by one enactment without detailed recital, con- 

 fers them uj)ou Sjjain to be enjoyed solely in her own then definitely 

 assigned sphere. In that way the tw^o powers w'ould be kept from com- 

 ing into collision and tlie whole mass of prior legislation for Portugal, 

 which extended over fifty years and was very voluminous, was enacted 

 for Spain in a few sentences — by a device very common in drawing up 

 legislation. This, ^Ir. Harrisse has not observed for he says, **appar- 

 " ently within tlic twenty-four lioui^s wiiicli followed the publication 

 "of the two Bulls, Alexander VI., May 1, published a third— Bull C," 

 and then ho proceeds to call it the second Tnter cèlera. This is under- 

 rating the Roman Chancery. Such blundering would not have passed 

 in a village municipality ; for it w^as ie^suing two enactments of the 

 same title and mainly in the same language within twenty-four hours. 

 This Bull C is the only Bull of demarcation recorded in all the BiiUaria, 

 referred to in innumerable documents and the theme of numerous 

 writers for three hundred years w^hile w^hat Mr. Harrisse calls the ''iirim- 

 ary Bull" mouldered unknown in the archives of Simancas. 



In continuation of his remarks upon this Bull C, Mr. Harrisse 

 says, "We Icnow by the Codex Diplomalicvs that there was attached to 

 " that Bull a leaden seal fastened with silk strings, red and saffron 

 " colour." Beyond doubt, for these as has been shown, are the marks 

 of a genuine Bull and, in a Bull of grace, the seal is always attached 

 with strings of coloured silk. Following the Codex further, w'e find 

 that Peter Garcia, Bishop of Barcelona, on July 19, 1493, testified that 

 he "had held, handled, seen and diligently examined these apostolic 

 " letters of our most Holy Father and Lord in Christ, Alexander VI., 

 "by Divine Providence Pape, from wliich hung his inu^ Bull of lead 

 "with threads of silk of a red and saffron colour, according to the style 

 "of the Pomnn court, sound and entire in their marks, not vitiated, 

 " nor erased, nor in any part suispicioiis. but free from any doubt what- 

 " ever." Then he i)roceecls to give a cojjy of the Bull (as in appendix 

 A). It was then at Barcelona and the Bishop had an otlicial C()i)y made 

 and verified in the i)resence of certain named ecclesiastics and especially 

 of an apostolic notary who was secretary of the Bishop of Seville. 

 This copy was again collated with the original at Seville on Dec. 30, 

 1502, in the presence of witnesses. The whole is certified to by a 



