78 _ SPOLIA ZEYLANICA. 



HoLOTHUMA PARDALis, Selenka. 

 (Plate XI., fig. 17.) 



Holothuria pardalis, Selenka 1867 (37) ; Semper 1868 (38) ; 



Luclwig 1880 (24), 1882 (26), 1883 (27), 1887 (28), 



(29), 1888 (31), 1899 (32) ; Bell 1884 (4) ; Lampert 



1885 (19), 1889 (20), 1895 (21) ; Theel 1886 (42) ; 



Sluiter 1887 (39), 1901 (41) ; Herouard 1893 (13) ; 



Koehler 1895 (15), (16) ; Whitelegge 1817 (45) ; 



Bedford 1898 (2) ; Voeltzkow 1902 (44) ; Pisher 1905 



(11); Koehler & Vaney 1 908 ( 1 7 ) . 

 Holothuria subdivita, Selenka 1867 (37) ; Semper 1868 (38) ; 



Lampert 1885 (19) ; Theel 1886 (42). 

 Holothuria insignis, Ludwig 1875 (23), 1883 (27) ; Lampert 



1885 (19) ; Theel 1886 (42). 



Holothuria lineata, Ludwig 1875 (23), 1880 (24), 1882 (26), 

 1883 (27) ; Bell 1884 (4) ; Lampert 1885 (19) ; Theel 



1886 (42) ; Pearson 1910 (34). 



Holothuria peregrina, Ludwig 1875 (23) ; Bell 1884 (4) ; 



Lampert 1885 (19) ; Theel 1886 (42). 

 Holotliwia pardalis var. insignis, Sluiter 1890 (40) ; Bedford 



1899 (3). 



This is a very widely spread species, and well represented in 

 the various collections I have had the opportunity of examining. 



Owing to this species being subject to considerable variation, 

 both in colour and in the form of the spicules, much confusion 

 has arisen with regard to its identity, and consequently the 

 synonymy is somewhat intricate. 



External Appearance. — The colour is yellowish-brown above 

 and lighter below. Along the bivium there are frequently 

 from five to ten pairs of dark brown patches, which give the 

 species a characteristic appearance. Occasionally, however, 

 these patches are wanting. The ambulacral appendages 

 appear to be all true pedicels, which are not arranged in rows. 

 Those on the trivium are more abundant than those on the 

 bivium and are slightly larger. There is a circle of small 

 papiUae around the anus. There are twenty small tentacles. 

 1^'isher (11) says the number is variable. 



