SUBJECT INDEX 



423 



PaWfera 167 



palynology xi, 2, 174, 355ff, 367ff 



"Paudorf 326 



Pangnirtung Peninsula 181 



Parachilota 131, 134, 143 



Parana/Uruguay basin, earthworms 129 



Paravitrea 1 67 



Paris qiiadrifolia 66 



Parmelia 234 



aspera 238 



centrifuga 234, 235 



intestinifonnis 234 



subobsciira 236 

 parvifoiiate forest 113 

 Panya iiudicaulis 218 

 passive dispersal 75, 140, 161, 163, 165, 



168 

 Paulistus 129 

 Peary Land 18, 202, 280 

 peat 43, 355, 360 

 peatland 113, 114 

 peat soil and earthworms 145 

 Pedicularis 



clasvantha 103,211,218 



flanimea 243, 244, 263, 264, 306, 307, 

 309, 316 



hirsuta 215,292 



lahradorica 288 



Oedeii 252, 256, 257, 258, 259, 279 



silvatica 66 

 Penny Ice Cap 348 

 Penultimate Glaciation 24, 25, 26, 346 

 Penultimate Interglacial 218 

 "Perapohjola" 120 

 periglacial flora 228 

 periglacial molluscs 168 

 Periodiihis 135 

 permafrost 122, 327 

 persistence of plants 228; cf. survival 

 Petasites frigidus 2 1 8 

 Petawawa 1 1 1 

 phenology 202 

 Phleuni comnnitatiim 287, 293 

 Pliilomyciis 157, 167 

 Philophorum robust uni 238 

 Phippsia 



algida 215,277,314 



conciima 100, 218, 265 

 Phreodrilidae 132, 144 

 Plireodriloides 132 

 Phreodriliis 132 

 Phreorictidae 142, 145 

 Phvllodoce 200, 294 



coerulea 199,288,314 

 phytogeographical connections 45ft', 100, 



173, 174 

 phytogeography of Greenland 2850" 



Picea 15, 82, 113, 119, 226, 227, 387 



Abies 112, 119, 229 



excelsa 1 97 



glauca 112,115,118 



mariana 17,112,115,118 



obovata 1 1 9 



rubens 207 

 Piceetea in Miocene and Pliocene 207 

 Pickfordia 137 

 piedmont glaciers 326 

 pinewoods 113 

 pink-footed geese 194 

 pinnacle-like mountain peaks 321 

 Pimis 15, 82, 113, 226, 363, 387, 388 



Banksiana 1 1 5 



Cembra 1 1 9 



contort a 1 1 5 



nigra 1 1 2 



Pence 1 1 2 



resinosa 111, 112, 115 



sibirica 1 1 9 



silvestris 112,119,197,251,256,259 



Strobns 111,112,115 

 Pinns-heh, in Norway 251 

 Pinns-non-Corylus climate 226 

 Placopsis gelida 236 

 Plagiochaeta 135 

 Planera 1 5 

 Planogyra 1 67 

 plant communities 211, 294 

 plant sociations 294 

 plant succession, laws of 226 

 Plantago 



lanceolata 224 



major 224 



maritima 192, 363 

 plastic species 210 

 Platanthera 



hyperborea 293 



oligantha 265 



parvnia 248 

 Plat anus 1 5 

 plateau basalts Iff", 29ff 

 Pleistocene xii, 4, 24, 25, 73, 79, 81, 105, 

 158, 166, 168, 170, 214, 215, 216, 219, 

 229, 231, 235, 236, 241, 261, 326, 329, 

 337, 341, 342, 378, 379, 395 

 Pleuropogon Sabinei 99, 215 

 Pliocene 4, 5, 8, 16, 79, 158, 160, 186, 216 

 Plutellus 127, 129, 141 

 Poa 103, 192 



sect. Oreinos 89 



abbreviata 2 1 5 



alpina 89, 216 



arctica 94, 95, 96, 215, 265, 275, 279 



Fernaldiana 89 



flexuosa 89, 90, 93, 279 



