BUDS 



27 



General summary. — The pupil should by this time be 

 self- in formed as to — 



a. What a bud, as a whole, is. 



h. What the reason for its formation is. 



c. What rudiments of future growth are present. 



d. How nearly these approach the full-grown condition 

 as to form. 



e. What parts are of merely temporary use. 

 /. What the morphology of these parts is. 



Make a brief statement covering these points, by way of 

 summary of the work on buds. 



For Supplementary Work, see the end of Chapter IV., where sugges- 

 tions for outdoor and indoor observations are made. 



IV. BUDS 

 GROWING BUDS 



28. In actively growing herbs the tip of the stem and 

 the rudiments of tlie coming leaves — appearing at first as 

 small prominences close to the apex — are usually pro- 

 tected from accidents. Bites of insects or other animals, 

 and extremes of 

 heat, light, dry- 

 ness, and cold, are 

 guarded against by 

 the maturer leaves 

 standing together 

 over the younger 

 parts (Figs. 13, 14), 

 or by special cover- 

 ings. Tlie forming 

 members of the Begonia shoot are sheathed by a pair 

 of scalelike appendages — stipules — at the base of the 

 highest full leaf (Fig. 15). In addition, in this plant, 

 the hot rays of the sun are in nature fended off by the 

 leaves themselves, which are raised umbrellalike over the 



13. Terminal portion of a shoot of Coleus ; young 

 leaves shielding the growing tip. 



