13^ 



THE FLOWER 



206. 



A slice of the Coreopsis bead 

 enlarged, with one tubular per- 

 fect flower (a) left standing 

 on the receptacle, with its 

 bractlet or chaff (6), one ligu- 

 late and neutral ray flower, 

 and part of another {cc) ; dd, 

 section of bracts or leaves of 

 the involucre. 



out into the ligule ; the five minute teeth at tlie end indicate the 

 number of constituent petals. So tliis is a kind of gamopetalous 

 corolla, which is open along one side nearly to the base, and outspread. 



269. In Asters, Daisies, Sunflower, Coreopsis (Fig. 206), and the 



like, only the margiiuil (or ray) co- 

 rollas are ligulate ; the rest (those 

 of the disk) are regularly gamo- 

 petalous, tubular, and five-lobed 

 at summit; but they are small 

 and individually inconspicuous, 

 only the ray flowers making a 

 show. In fact, those of Coreopsis 

 and of Sunflower are simply for 

 show, these ray flow^ers being not 

 only sterile, but neutral, that is, 

 having neither stamens nor pistil. 

 But in Asters, Daisies, Golden- 

 rods, and the like, these ray flowers 



are pistillate and fertile, serving therefore for seed bearing as well 



as for show. 



270. The Stamens. — First as regards their insertion, or place of 

 attachment. 



The stamens usually go with the petals rather than with the pistil, 

 when adherent to either. Xot rarely they are 



Epipetalous, that is, inserted on (or adnate to) the corolla, as 

 in Fig. 171. When free from the corolla, they may be 



Hypogynous, inserted on the receptacle under 

 the pistil or gynoecium. 



Perigynous, inserted on the calyx, that is, 

 with the lower part of filament adnate to the 

 calyx tube, 



Epigynous, borne apparently on the top of the 

 ovary ; all w^hich is shown in Figs. 182-186. 



Gynandrous is another term relating to inser- 

 tion of rarer occurrence, that is, where the sta- 

 mens are inserted on (in other words, adnate to) 

 the style, as in Lady's Slipper (Fig. 207), and in 

 the Orchis family generally. 



271. In relation to each other, stamens are 

 more commonly 



Distinct, that is, without any union with each 

 other. But when united, the following tech- 

 nical terms of long use indicate their modes of 

 mutual connection : — 



Monadelphous (from two Greek w^ords, mean- 



207. Style of a Lady's 

 Slipper Cypri- 

 pedlum) , and 

 stamens united 

 with it; a, a, 

 the anthers of 

 the two good 

 stamens : sf, an 

 abortive sta- 

 men , w hat 

 should be its 

 anther changed 

 into a petal-like 

 body; stig, the 

 stigma. 



