SYNOPSIS OF THE ORDERS. 7 



m 3. Ovary compound, 1-celled, with central placentoe ; embryo curved around 

 mealy albumen (except in Dianthus) ; leaves entire ; stipules mostly none. 



15. Caryophyllaceae (p. 82). Sepals (5, rarely 4) distinct or united, per- 

 sistent. Petals as many, rarely none. Stamens as many or twice as many, 

 rarely fewer. Styles 2-5. Leaves opposite. 



16. Portulacaceae (p. 90). Sepals 2. Petals 5. Stamens 5-20. Capsule 

 3-valved or circumscissile. Fleshy herbs ; leaves mostly alternate. 



* 4. Calyx imbricate ; stamens as many or twice as many as the petals or 



often indefinite; ovary compound, l-celled with parietal placentae or sev- 

 eral-celled with the placentae united in the axis; embryo straight or 

 slightly curved ; albumen none or scanty. 



17. Elatinacese (p. 91). Small marsh annuals, with opposite leaves, membra- 



nous stipules, minute axillary flowers, few stamens, and pod 2 - 5-celled. 



18. Hypericacese (p. 92). Herbs or shrubs, with opposite entire dotted 



leaves and no stipules. Flowers cymose or panicled. Stamens few or 

 many, usually in 3 or more clusters. Pod 1-celled or 3 -5-celled. 



19. Ternstroemiaceae (p. 95). Trees or shrubs, with alternate leaves and 



no stipules. Flowers large, axillary, solitary. Stamens numerous, more 

 or less united together and with the base of the petals. Pod 3 - 5-celled. 



* 5. Calyx valvate ; stamens numerous, usually more or less united together 



and with the base of the petals ; ovary 3 - many-celled with the placenta) 

 united in the axis (becoming 1-celled and 1-seeded in Tilia). 



20. Malvaceae (p. 96). Stamens monadelphous; anthers 1-celled. Calyx 



persistent. Seeds kidney-shaped, with curved embryo and little albumen- 

 Herbs or shrubs, with alternate palmately veined stipular leaves. 



21. Tiliaceae (p. 101). Stamens polyadelphous or nearly distinct ; anthers 



2-celled. Calyx deciduous. Embryo nearly straight. Trees, with alter- 

 nate leaves and deciduous stipules. 



B. DISCIFLOR^. Stamens as many as the petals or twice as many or 

 fewer, inserted upon or at the outer or inner base of a more or less tumid 

 hypogynous or perigynous disk, which is cushion-like or annular or di- 

 vided into glands, sometimes obscure or minute (or none in Linum, Ilex, 

 some Geraniaceae and Polygala) ; ovary superior (or half-inferior in some 

 Ehamnacere) ; sepals more usually distinct. Petals wanting in some 

 Rutaceoe, Rhamnaceas, and Sapindaceie. 



* 1. Ovules (mostly 1 or 2 in each cell) pendulous, with the rhaphe toward 



the axis of the ovary ; disk often reduced to glands alternate with the 

 petals or none ; ovary often lobed or the carpels nearly distinct. 



22. Linaceae (p. 101). Flowers regular, usually 5-merous. Capsule not 



lobed, mostly 5-valved, spuriously 10-celled, 10-seeded. Stamens united 

 at base. Disk none or 5 minute glands. Herbs, witli entire alternate or 

 opposite leaves ; stipules gland-like or none. 



23. Geraniaceae (p. 102). Flowers regular or irregular, 5-merous or 3 



merous as to the stamens and pistils. Ovary 3 - 5-lobed, the cells 1 - few 

 ovuled, and axis persistent. Disk of 5 glands or none. Herbs, with often 

 lobed or divided mostly alternate leaves, with or without stipules. 



