lO SYNOPSIS OF TUE ORDERS. 



45. Cucurbitaceae (p. 194). Tendril-bearing vines, with dioecious or monof 

 cious flowers. Corolia 5-lobed, often confluent with the calyx. Stamen* 

 3 or 5, usually more or less united and the anthers often tortuous. Fruit 

 fleshy or membranous, 1 - 5-celled, the placentae often produced to the 

 axis and revolute. Seeds exalbuminous. 



•I- -t- Embryo curved or coiled about central albumen ; leaves entire. 



46. Cactaceae (p. 196). Fleshy and mostly leafless prickly plants, with sol- 

 itary sessile perfect flowers. Calyx-lobes and petals indefinite, imbricated, 

 the numerous stamens on the tube. Fruit a 1 -celled many-seeded berry. 



47. Ficoideae (p. 198). Calyx-lobes or sepals 5 and petals none in our gen- 



era. Capsule 3 - 5-celled witli axile placenta, loculicidal or circumscissile, 

 many-seeded. Often fleshy ; leaves mostly opposite or verticillate. 



* 4. Flowers small, regular, perfect or polygamous ; cal^'x-limb minute or ob- 



solete; ovary inferior, 2 -several-celled, with solitary pendulous ovules; 

 petals and stamens mostly 4 or 5, on the margin of an epigynous disk 

 surrounding the styles ; albumen copious. 



48. Umbelliferae (p. 198). Flowers in umbels or heads. Petals (inflexed) 

 and stamens 5. Styles 2. Fruit of 2 dry seed-like carpels, the pericarp 

 usually with oil-tubes. Herbs, with alternate mostly compound leaves. 



49. Araliacese (p. 212). Flowers mostly in umbels and nearly as in Umbel- 

 liferae ; petals not inflexed and styles 2 or more. Fruit a 2 - several-celled 

 drupe. Herbs or shrubs, with alternate mostly compound leaves. 



50. Cornacese (p. 213). Flowers not in umbels; petals (valvate, or none) 

 and stamens 4 or 5. Style 1. Fruit a 1 - 2-seeded drupe Trees, shrubs, 

 or rarely herbs, with opposite or alternate simple and mostly entire leaves. 



Division II. GAMOPETALOUS : calyx and corolla both present, 

 the latter of united petals (excepting some Ericaceae, Styracacese, 

 and Oleace^e, Gahix, Statice, and Lysimachia). Apetalous flowers 

 occur in Glaux and some Oleaceje. Stipules present only in Rubi- 

 aceae and Loganiacea?, or rarely in Caprifoliace£e. 



• 1. Ovary inferior; stamens borne upon the corolla, alternate with its lobes. 



•^ Stamens distinct ; leaves opposite or whorled ; seed albuminous except in 



Valerianacefie. 



51. Caprifoliaceae (p. 216). Corolla mostly 5-lobed, regular or irregular, 

 the stamens as many (one fewer in Linnaea, doubled in Adoxa) Ovary 1 - 

 several-celled ; fruit a berry, drupe, or pod, 1 -several-seeded. Shrubs or 

 herbs ; leaves opposite, rarely stipular, not turning black in drying 



52. Rubiaceae (p. 222). Flowers regular, 4 - 5-merous, the corolla mostly 



valvate. Ovary 2-4-celled. Herbs or shrubs , leaves simple, entire, op- 

 posite with stipules, or verticillate, usually turning black in drying. 



53. Valerianaceae (p. 228). Stamens (1-4) fewer than the lobes of the 



somewhat irregular corolla. Ovary with two abortive or empty cells and 

 one containing a suspended ovule. Fruit dry and indehiscent. Herbs. 



54. Dipsaceae (p. 229). Flowers mostly 4-merous and with 4 (rarely 2) sta 



mens, involucellate in involucrate heads ; corolla-lobes imbricate Ova^y 

 simple, 1-celled, with a suspended ovule Herbs 



