18 SYNOPSIS OF THE ORDERS. 



* Spores of only one kind ; prothallus bearing antheridia and archegonia. 



130. Equisetaceae (p. 675). Cylindric jointed hollow-stemmed plants, with 

 toothed sheaths. Fructification in a terminal spike. 



131. Filices (p. 678). Ferns, with fronds circiuate in vernation; bearing the 

 fructification on the under surface or beneath the margin. 



132. OphioglossaceaB (p. 693). Fronds often fern-like, erect in vernation 

 Sporangia globose, coriaceous, 2-valved, in special spikes or panicles. 



133. LycopodiaceaB (p. 695). Low moss-like plants with elongated stems 

 and small persistent entire several-ranked leaves. Sporangia solitary, 

 axillary, 1 -3-celled, 2-3-valved. 



* * Spores of two kinds, the macrospore producing a prothallus with arche- 



gonia, the microspore smaller and developing antheridia. 



134. Selaginellacese (p. 697). Low leafy moss-like or marsh plants, with 

 branching stems, and small 4 - 6-ranked leaves, or with a corm-like stem 

 and basal linear-subulate leaves, the two kinds of spores in distinct solitary 

 axillary 1 -celled sporangia. 



135. MarsiliaceaB (p. 700). The two kinds of spores in the same or differ- 

 ent sporangia which are borne in a coriaceous peduncled sporocarp arising 

 from a slender creeping rhizome. Fronds digitately 4-foliolate or filiform. 



136. Salviniaceae (p. 701). The two kinds of spores in separate thin-walled 

 l-celled sporocarps or conceptacles clustered beneath the small floating 

 fronds ; macrospores solitary. 



Subclass IL CELLULAR ACROGENS, or BRYOPHYTES. 



Plants with cellular tissue only ; both antheridia and archegonia borne 

 upon the plant itself. — Including the Musci, or Mosses (which are not 

 treated of here), never thallose, and bearing capsules which usually de- 

 hisce by a lid and contain spores only, and the Hepatici:, which bear 

 capsules which dehisce by valves or irregularly and usually have elaters 

 mingled with the spores. The latter division comprises the following 

 Orders. 



* Capsule 4-valved ; plant a leafy axis or sometimes a branching thallus. 



137. Jungermauniaceae (p. 702). Leaves, when present, without a midrib, 

 2-ranked, with often a third row beneath ; pedicels slender. 



* * Capsule 2-valved, or dehiscing irregularly, or indehiscent ; plant a thallus 



or thalloid stem. 



138- Anthocerotaceae (p. 726). Thallus without epidermis, irregularly 

 branching ; pedicels stout or none. Capsule with a columella. Elaters 

 mostly without fibres. 



139, Marchantiaceae (p. 727). Thallus radiate or dichotomous, the epi- 

 dermis usually porose. Capsules borne on the under side of a pedunculate 

 receptacle, irregularly dehiscent. Elaters 2-spiral. 



140. RicciaceaB (p. 730). Thallus radiate or dichotomous, the epidermis 

 eporose. Capsules immersed in the thallus or sessile upon it, indehiscent 

 Elaters none. 



