64 cRUCiFER^. (mustard family.) 



pods not torulose, oblong to linear (6 -IS'' long); style short. — S. Ind. to 

 Tenn. and Mo. 



2. L. toruldsa, Gray. Similar, hut pods torulose even when young, 

 linear ; style 1 - 2" long ; seeds acutely margined rather than winged ; petals 

 emarginate. — Barrens of Ky. and Tenn. 



3. DENTARIA, Tourn. Toothwort. Pepper-root. 



Pod lanceolate, flat, as in Cardamine. Style elongated. Seeds in one row, 

 wingless, the stalks broad and flat. Cotyledons petioled, thick and very une- 

 qual, their margins somewhat infolding each other. — Perennials, of damp 

 woodlands, with long, horizontal, fleshy, sometimes interrupted, scaly or 

 toothed rootstocks, of a pleasant pungent taste ; the simple stems leafless be- 

 low, bearing 2 or 3 petioled compound leaves about or above the middle, and 

 terminated by a single corymb or short raceme of large white or purple flow- 

 ers. Flowers larger, pods broader, and seeds larger than is usual in Carda- 

 mine. (Name from dens, a tooth.) 



* Rootstock elongated ; leaves S-foliolate. 



1. D. diph^Ua, L. Rootstock long and continuous, often branched, 

 toothed; stem-leaves 2, similar to the radical ones, close together; leaflets 

 rhombic-ovate or oblong-ovate, shortly petiolate, coarsely crenate, the teeth 

 abruptly acute; petals white. — Rich woods, Maine to Minn, and Ky. May. 

 — Rootstocks 5-10' long, crisp, tasting like Water-Cress. 



* * Rootstock tuberous, more or less moniliform ; leaves 3-foholate or 3-parted. 



2. D. laciniata, Muhl. Tubers deep-seated, usually not jointed nor 

 prominently tubercled ; root-leaves often none ; stem-leaves 3-parted, the lat> 

 eral segments often 2-lobed, all broadly oblong to linear, more or less gash- 

 toothed ; flowers white or rose-color. — N. Eng. to Minn., Kan., and southward. 

 April, May. — Var. mult^fida, a slender form with the narrowly linear seg- 

 ments usually more or less divided into linear lobes. (D. multifida, Muhl.) 

 SouthAvard, scarcely if at all within our limits. 



3. D. heterophylla, Nutt. Tubers near the surface, jointed, narrowly 

 oblong or thick-clavate, prominently tuliercled ; leaves 3-foliolate, the leaflets 

 distinctly petiolate, oblong-lanceolate to linear, entire to rather deeply crenate, 

 rarely laciniate or lobed ; root-leaves with ovate or lanceolate and usually lobed 

 leaflets. — Penn. to Ky. and southward. Blooming a little later than the last. 



4. D. maxima, Xutt. Tubers jointed, strongly tubercled ; stem-leaveg 

 usually alternate, 3-foliolate ; leaflets ovate or oblong-ovate, coarsely toothed 

 and somewhat cleft or lobed. — Vt. to western N. Y. and Penn. May. 



4. CARDAMINE, Tourn. Bitter Cress. 



Pod linear, flattened, usually opening elastically from the base ; the valves 

 nerveless and veinless, or nearly so ; placentas and partition thick. Seeds in 

 a single row in each cell, wingless ; their stalks slender. Cotyledons accum- 

 beut, flattened, equal or nearly so, petiolate. — Mostly glabrous perennials, 

 Isafv-stemmed, growing along watercourses and in wet places. Flowers 

 white or purple. (A Greek name, in Dioscorides, for some cress, from its 

 cordial or cardiacal qualities.) 



