CRUCIFER^. (mUSTAKD FAMILY.) 71 



B. PRECOX, R, Br. (Early Winter C), with 5-8 pairs of lateral lobes 

 to the leaves, and longer pods on very thick pedicels, — yet probably only a 

 variety of tlie other, — somewhat cultivated from N. Y. southward as a winter 

 salad, under the name of Scurvy-Grass, — is beginning to run wild. (Eu.) 



13. HESPERIS, Tourn, Rocket- 



Pod linear, nearly cylindrical; stigma lobed, erect. Seeds in 1 row in each 

 cell, oblong, nuirginless. Cotyledons incumbent. — Biennial or perennial 

 with serrate sessile or petiolate leaves, and large purple flowers. (Name from 

 k<nv4pa, evening, from the evening fragrance of the flowers.) 



H. matronAlis, L. (Da3ie's Violet.) Tall; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 

 mostly petiolate ; pods 2-4' long, spreading. — Sparingly naturalized. (Nat. 

 from Eu.) 



14. ERYSIMUM, Tourn. Treacle Mustard, 



Pod linear, 4-sided, the valves keeled with a strong midrib ; stigma broadly 

 lobed. Seeds in 1 row in each cell, oblong, marginless. Cotyledons (often 

 obliquely) incumbent. — Chiefly biennials, with yellow flowers ; the leaves not 

 clasping. Pubescence of appressed 2 - 3-parted hairs. (Name from ipvu, to 

 draw blisters.) 



1. E. ^sperum, DC. (Western Wall-flower.) Minutely roughish- 

 hoary; stem simple, leaves lanceolate to linear, entire or somewhat toothed; 

 pods nearly erect or widely spreading on short pedicels, elongated (3-4' long), 

 exactly 4-sided; stigma 2-lobed. — Ohio (on limestone cliffs) to 111., Ark., 

 S. D., and common westward. June, July. — Plant stout, 1-2° high; the 

 crowded bright orange-yellow flowers as large as those of the Wall-flower. 

 Petals orbicular, on very slender claws. 



2. E. cheiranthoides, L. (Worm-seed Mustard.) ]\Iinutely rough- 

 ish, branching, slender ; leaves lanceolate, scarcely toothed ; flowers small ; 

 pods small and short (7 - 12" long), very obtusely angled, ascending on slender 

 divergent pedicels. — Banks of streams, Mass. to Penn., Minn., and northward. 

 July. (Eu.) 



3. E. parviflorum, Nutt. Stem erect, often simple; leaves linear- 

 oblanceolate, entire or the lowe.st coarsely toothed; flowers small (3" long); 

 pods narrow, 1 - 2^' long, ascending on short pedicels. — Minn, to Kan. and 

 westward. 



15. SISYMBRIUM, Tourn. Hedge Mustard^ 



Pod terete, flattish or 4-6-sided, the valves 1-3-nerved; stigma small, 

 entire. Seeds oblong, marginless, in 1 or 2 rows in each cell. Cotyledons 

 incumbent. Calyx open. — Flowers small, white or yellow. Pubescence 

 spreading. (An ancient Greek name for some plant of this family.) Ours 

 are mostly annuals or biennials 



1. S. hllinile, Meyer. Perennial, branching from the base, sparingly 

 pubescent, 6' higli or less ; leaves narrowly oblanceolate, mostly coarsely and 

 sharply toothed ; flowers white or rose-color ; pods very narrow, subterete, 

 4 - 9" long, ascending on short pedicels, beaked with a short style ; seeds 

 1-ranked. (Arabis petraea, 3lan., not i«??i. ) — Willoughby Mountain, Vt. ; 

 Canada and westward. (N. Ada.) 



