CARYOPHYLLACE^. (PiNK FAMILY.) 85 



-4- -4- Visrid-pubescent ; flowers white or nearly so, opening at night, sweet-scented. 



S. NOCTURNA, L. (Night C.) Leaves short, the lower spatiilnte, the 

 upper WnQnv ; flowers small, alternate in a l-sided spike: petals 2-])arted. — 

 Introduced sparingly in Pa., according to Schweinitz. (Adv. from J.u.) 



S. >'octifl6ra, \j. (Xight-flowehing C.) Viscid-hair u, tall (1-3° 

 high); lower leaves large and spatulate, the upper lanceolate; /fo/rers /e^r, 

 ped uncle d ; calyx-tube elongated (over 1' long), soon ovoid, with awl-shaped 

 teeth: petals ratlier large, 2-parted, crowned. — Cultivated grounds. 



5. LYCHNIS, Tourn. Cockle. 



Styles 5, rarely 4, and pod opening by as many or twice as many teeth , 

 otherwise nearly as in Silene. Calyx in one species with leaf-like lobes. 

 (Ancient Greek name for a scarlet or flame-colored species, from Kvxvos, a 

 light or lamp.) 



L. VESPERTiXA, Sibth. (EvExixG L.) Biennial, usually dicecious, viscid- 

 pubescent, in foliage, etc., like Silene noctiflora; but 5 styles, calyx much 

 shorter (7-9" long), with lance-linear teeth, mid flowers white or pinkish, open- 

 ing at evening. — (Xilt. or waste grounds ; scarce. (Adv. from Eu.) 



L. DiuRXA, Sibth. (Red Lychxis.) Resembling L. vespertina, but less 

 viscid, the calyx usually shorter (4-6" long), and the flowers red, opening in 

 the morning. — Rarely spontaneous. (Adv. from Eu.) 



L. GithAgc), Lam. (Corn Cockle.) Annual, clothed with long soft 

 appressed hairs; flowers long-peduncled ; cal/jx-lohes similar to the long and 

 linear leaves, surpassing the broad and crownless purpAe-red petals, falling off 

 in fruit. (Agrostemma Githago, L.) — In wheat-fields. (Adv. from Eu.) 



L. Elos-cuculi, L. (Ragged Robix.) Perennial, erect, slightly downy 

 below, viscid above ; leaves narrowly lanceolate ; flowers in loose jjauicles ; 

 calyx short, glabrous ; petals red, 4-lobed, lobes linear. — ^Nloist or marshy 

 places ; New Eng. and N. Y. (Adv. from Eu.) 



6. ARENARIA, L. Sandwort. 

 Sepals 5. Petals .5, entire, sometimes barely notched, rarely wanting. Sta- 

 mens 10. Styles 3, rarely more or fewer, opposite as many sepals. Pod short, 

 splitting into as many or twice as many valves as there are styles, few - many- 

 seeded. — Low, usually tufted herbs, with sessile exstipulate leaves and small 

 white flowers. (Name from arena, sand, in Avhich many of the species grow.) 

 — The following sections are by many botanists taken for genera. 

 § 1. ARENARIA proper. Pod splitting ichollij or part- wa// doicn into 3 or at 

 length into 6 vcdves ; seeds many, naked at the hilmn. 



A. serpvllif6lia, L. (Thyme-leaved Sandwort.) Diffusely branched, 

 roughish (2 - 6' high) ; leaves ovate, acute, small ; cymes leafy ; sepals lanceo- 

 late, pointed, 3-5-nerved, about equalling the petals and 6-toothed pod. — A 

 low annual; sandy waste places. June- Aug. (Nat. from Eu.) 



§ 2. ALSINE. Pod splitting to the base into 3 entire valves ; seeds many, usu- 

 ally rough, Jiaked at the hilum ; flowers solitary and terminal or cyrnose; 

 root in our species perennial, except in n. 4. 



* Leaves small, rigid, aivl-shaped or bristle-shaped. 



1. A. Caroliniana, Walt. (Pixe-barrex S.) Densely tufted from a 

 deep perpendicular root ; leaves closely imbricated, but spreading, awl-shaped, 

 short, channelled ; branches naked and minutely glandular above, several-flow- 

 ered ; sepals obtuse, ovate, shorter than the pod, (A. squarrosa, Michx.) — In 

 pure sand, S. New York, N. J., and southward along the coast. Mav- July. 



2. A. Michauxii, Hook. f. Erect, or usually diffusely spreading from 

 a small root, smooth; leaves slender, between awl-shaped and bristle-form, with 



