MALVACE^. (mallow FAMILY.) 99 



else as in Sida, but the solitary kidney-shaped seed ascending and the radicle 

 pointing downward, as in the former. (Name altered from Malva.) 



1. M. angUStum, Gray Annual, slightly hairy, erect (6'-l° high); 

 leaves lance-oblong or linear, with scattered fine callous teeth; flowers in the 

 upper axils, on peduncles shorter than the broadly ovate-triangular sepals; 

 bractlets and stipules setaceous ; petals yellow, scarcely exceeding the calvx ; 

 carpels 5, kidney -shaped, smooth, at length 2-valved. — W. Tenn. to Iowa 

 and Kan. Aug. 



2 M. coecineum, Gray. Perennial, low and hoary , leaves 5-parted or 

 pedate , flowers in short spikes or racemes, the pink-red petals very much 

 longer than the calyx; carpels 10 or more, reticulated on the sides and iude- 

 hiscent. — Minn to W. Tex., and westward. 



6. SIDA, L. 



Calyx naked at the base, 5-cleft. Petals entire, usually oblique. Styles 5 

 or more, tipped with capitate stigmas ; the ripe fruit separating into as many 

 1-seeded carpels, which are closed, or commonly 2-valved at the top, and 

 tardily separate from the axis. Seed pendulous. Embryo abruptly bent; 

 the radicle pointing upward. (A name used by Theophrastus.) 



1. S. Nap^a, Cav. A smooth, tall (4-10° high) perennial; leaves 3-7- 

 cleft, the lobes oblong and pointed, toothed ; flowers {white) innbellate-cori/mbed, 

 1' wide ; carpels 10, pointed. — Rocky river-banks, along the Alleghanies, Penn. 

 to Va. , rare. (Cultivated in old gardens.) 



2. S. EUiottii, Torr. & Gray. A smooth, erect perennial (1-4° high); 



leaves linear, serrate, short-petioled ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, short; 



flowers {yellow) rather large; carpels 9-10, slifldly and ahrupdy pointed, 



forming a depressed fruit. — Sandy soil, S. Va. and southward. May -Aug. 



S. SPix6sA, L. Annual weed, minutely and softly pubescent, low (10-20' 

 high), much branched; leaves ovate-lanceolate or obi omj, serrate, rather loug- 

 petioled ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered, shorter than the petiole ; flowers 

 I'/ellow) small; carpels 5, combined into an ovate fruit, eac// spliftinrj at the 

 top into 2 beaks. — A little tubercle at the base of the leaves on the stronger 

 plants gives the specific name, but it cannot be called a spine. — Waste places, 

 S. New York to Iowa, and common southward. (Nat. from the trojiics.) 



7. SPHJERALCEA, St. Ilil. 



Ovules and seeds usually 2 or 3 in each cell. Characters otherwise as in 

 Malvastrum. (Name from acpaTpa, a sphere, and dA/cea, a mallow — from the 

 commonly spherical fruit.) 



1. S. acerifolia, Nutt. Perennial, erect, 2-6° high, stellately pubescent 

 or glabrate ; leaves maple-shaped, 3 - 7-cleft ; flowers clustered in the upper 

 axils and subspicate, rose-color to white. — Kankakee Co., 111., E. J. Hill ; Dak. 

 and westward. 



8. ABUTILON, Tourn. Indian Mallow. 



Carpels 2-9-seeded, at length 2-valved. Radicle ascending or pointing in- 

 ward. Otherwise as in Sida. (Name of unknown origin.) 



A. AviCEXN.E, Gaertn. (Velvet-Leaf.) Tall annual (4° high) ; leaves 

 roundish-heart-shaped, taper-pointed, velvety ; peduncles shorter than the leaf- 

 stalks ; corolla vellow ; carpels 12-15, hairy, beaked. — Waste places, escaped 

 from gardens. (Adv. from India.) 



