152 ROSACEA, (hose family.) 



viinate,Jinelij and sharply serrate, softly pubescent when young, glabrate with 

 age ; fruit glohose-ovoid, very dark purple with a bloom (less than ^' in diameter) ; 

 stone turgid, a shallow groove on one side and a broad flat ridge on the other. 



— Bluffs of the Alleghany Mts., Penn. 



4. P. Chicasa, Michx. (Chickasaw Plum.) Stem scarcely thorny 

 (8-15° high) ; leaves nearhj lanceolate, finely serrulate, glabrous ; fruit globular, 

 red, nearly destitute of bloom {\ - §' in diameter) ; the ovoid stone almost as 

 thick as wide, rounded at both sutures, one of them minutely grooved. — 

 Md. to Fla., west to S. Ind., Kan., and Tex. 



5. P. gracilis, Engelm. & Gray. Soft-pubescent, 1-4° high ; leaves oblong- 

 Janceolate to ovate, acute, sharply serrate, becoming nearly glabrous above, 1 - 2' 

 long ; pedicels and calyx pubescent ; fruit less than ^ in diameter ; stone rather 

 turgid, suborbicular. — Prairies and sandy places, S. Kan. to Tex. and Tenn. 



6. P, pumila, L- (Dwarf Cherrv. Sand C.) Smooth, depressed 

 and trailing (6' -6° high) ; leaves obovate-lanceolate, tapering to the base, some- 

 what toothed near the apex, pale underneath : flowers 2-4 together; fruit 

 ovoid, dark red or nearly black when ripe, without bloom ; stone ovoid, mar- 

 ginless, of the size of a large pea. — Rocks or sandy banks, N. Brunswick to 

 Va,, west to Minn, and Kan. Fruit usually sour and astringent. 



7. P. Pennsylvanica, L. f. (Wild Red Cherry.) Tree 20-30° high, 

 with light red-brown bark; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, finely and sharply 

 serrate, shining, green and smooth both sides; flowers many in a cluster, on long 

 pedicels ; fruit globose, light red, very small, with thin and sour flesh ; stone 

 globular. — Rocky woods, Newf . to N. C, west to Minn, and Mo. 



P, spin6sa, L. (Sloe. Black Thorx.) Branches thorny ; leaves obovate- 

 ohlong or ovate-lanceolate, sharply serrate, at length glabrous ; pedicels glabrous ; 

 fruit small, globular, black with a bloom, the stone turgid, acute on one edge. 



— Var. iNSiTiTiA (Billace-Plum), is less spiny, the pedicels and lower side 

 of the leaves pubescent. — Roadsides and waste places, N. Eug. to Penn. and 

 N. J. (Adv. from Eu.) 



§ 2. PADUS. Drupe small, globose, ivithout bloom ; the stone turgid-ovate, mar- 

 ginless ; flowers in racemes terminating leafy branches, therefore appearing 

 after the leaves, late in spring. 



8. P. Virgini^na, L. (Choke-Cherry.) A tall shrub, w^th grayish 

 bark ; leaves oval, oblong, or obovate, abruptly pointed, very sharply {often doubly) 

 serrate with slender teeth, thin ; petals roundish ; fruit red turning to dark crim- 

 son; stone smooth. — River-banks, Newf. to Ga., we.st to Minn., E. Neb., and 

 Tex. — Fruit very austere and astringent. A variety with very short dense 

 racemes and sweeter yellowish fruit has been found at Dedham, Mass. 



9. P. serotina, Ehrh. (Wild Black Cherry.) A large tree, with 

 reddish-brown branches ; leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, taper-pointed, serrate 

 with incurved short and callous ^ee?^, thickish, shining above; racemes elon- 

 gated ; petals obovate ; fruit purplish-black. — Woods, N. Scotia to Fla., west 

 to Minn., E, Neb., and La. — Fruit slightly bitter, but with a pleasant vinous 

 flavor. 



10. P. demissa, Walp. Low but tree-like in habit, 3-12° high, resem- 

 bling n. 8 in foliage, but the leaves rather thick and the teeth less slender ; ra- 

 cemes often elongated ; fruit purplish-black, sweet and but slightly astringent 



— Central Kan. and Neb. to New Mex., S. Dak., and westward 



