206 UMBELLIFER^. (PARSLET FAMILY.) 



numerous filiform segments, no involucre nor involucels, and large umbels of 

 yellow flowers. (The Latin name, hom/oenum, hay.) 



F. OFFICINALE, All., the cultivated fennel from Europe, has become natu- 

 ralized along the shores of JVId. and Va., and is a common escape. 



17. PIMPINELLA, L. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong to ovate, glabrous, with slender equal 

 ribs, numerous oil-tubes, and depressed or cushion-like stylopodium. — Glabrous 

 perennials, with teruately or pinnately compound leaves, involucre and invo- 

 lucels scanty or none, and white or yellow flowers. (Name said to be formed 

 from hipinnuki, referring to the bipinnate leaves.) 



1. P. integerrima, Benth. & Hook. Glaucous, 1-3° high, slender, 

 branching ; leaves 2 - 3-ternate, with lanceolate to ovate entire leaflets ; flowers 

 yellow ; fruit broadly oblong, 2" long ; stylopodium small or wanting. (Zizia 

 integerrima, DC.) — Rocky hillsides, Atlantic States to Minn., E. Kan., and 

 Ark. May. 



P. SAxfpRAGA, L.,var. mXjor, Koch. Leaves simply pinnate, with sharply 

 toothed leaflets; flowers white; fruit oblong, 1" long; stylopodium cushion- 

 like. — Rocky shores of Delaware River; Sycamore, Ohio. (Nat. from Eu.) 



18. EULOPHUS, Nutt. 



Calyx-teeth prominent. Fruit ovate or oblong, glabrous, with equal filiform 

 ribs; oil-tubes 1 -5 in the intervals; stylopodium conical, with long recurved 

 styles ; seed-face broadly concave, with a central longitudinal ridge. — Gla- 

 brous perennials (3 - 5° high) from deep-seated fascicled tubers, with pinnately 

 or ternately compound leaves, involucels of numerous narrowly lanceolate 

 acuminate bractlets, and long-peduncled umbels of white flowers. (Name from 

 e5, well, and \6(pos, a crest, — not well applied to a plant with no crest at all.) 



1. E. Americanus, Nutt. Radical and lower stem-leaves large, 1-2- 

 pinnately compound, with leaflets cut into short narrow segments ; upper stem- 

 leaves ternate, with narrowly linear elongated leaflets ; fruit 2 - 3" long. — 

 Ohio to 111. and Mo., south to Tenn. and Ark. July. 



19. ANTHRISCUS, Hoffm. Chervil. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit linear, notched at base, long-beaked, glabrous, 

 without ribs (but beak ril)bed) ; oil-tubes none , stylopodium conical , seed-face 

 sulcate. — Resembling Chcerophyllum in vegetative characters. (The ancient 

 Roman name.) 



A. Ceref6lium, Hoffm. Mature fruit smooth and shining. (Ch^ero 

 phyllum sativum, L.) — Naturalized in E. Penn. (From Eu.) 



20. BUPLEURUM, L. Thorough-wax. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Fruit oblong, with very slender ribs, no oil-tubes, de- 

 pressed stylopodium, and seed-face somewhat concave. — Smooth annual, with 

 ovate perfoliate entire leaves, no involucre, involucels of 5 very conspicuous 

 ovate mucronate bractlets, and yellow flowers. (Name from fiovs, an ox, and 

 ■7r\€vp6v, a rib.) 



B. rotundif6lium, L., is very common in fields and cultivated ground, 

 N. Y. to N. C, west to Mo. and Ark. (Nat. from Eu.) 



