CAPRIFOLIACE^. (HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. j ^17 



1 . A. Moschatellina, L. Smooth, musk-scented ; nidical leaves 1 - .3- 

 ternate, the canline .3-cleft or 3-parted ; leaflets obovate, S-clelt ; flowers several 

 in a close cluster on a slender peduncle, greenisli or yellowish. — N. Iowa, 

 Wise, and Minn., and northward. (En., Asia.) 



2. SAMBUCUS, Tourn. Elder. 



Calyx-lol»es minute or obsolete. Corolla open urn-shaped, with a broadly 

 spreading 5-cleft limb. Stamens 5. Stigmas 3. Fruit a berry -like juicy 

 drupe, containing 3 small seed-like nutlets. — Shrubby plants, with a rank 

 smell when bruised, pinnate leaves, serrate-pointed leaflets, and numerous 

 small and white flowers in compound cymes. (The Latin name, perhaps from 

 (Ta/uL^vKri, an ancient musical instrument.) 



1. S. Canadensis, L. (Common Elder.) Stems scarcely woody (5- 

 10° high); leajicts 5-11, oblong, mostly smooth, the lower often S-j^arted; 

 cijmes flat ; fruit black-purple. — Rich soil, in open places, throughout our 

 range, and south and west. June, July. — Pith white. 



2. S, racemosa, L. (Red-berried Elder.) Stems woody (2-12'^ 

 high), the bark warty; leaflets 5-7, ovate-lanceolate, doivni/ underneath ; ci/mes 

 panided, convex or pt/ramidal ; flruit bright red (rarely white). (S. pubens, 

 Michx.) — Rocky woods, N. Scotia to Ga., and westw^ard across the continent. 

 May ; the fruit ripening in June. — Pith brown. Both species occur with the 

 leaflets divided into 3-5 linear-lanceolate 2 - 3-cleft or laciniate segments. 



3. VIBURNUM, L. Arrow-wood. Laurestinus. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla spreading, deeply 5-lobed. Stamens 5. Stigmas 

 1-3. Fruit a 1-celled, 1-seeded drupe, with soft pulp and a thin-crustaceous 

 (flattened or tumid) stone. — Shrubs, with simple leaves, and white flowers in 

 .flat compound cymes. Petioles sometimes bearing little appendages which are 

 evidently stipules. Leaf-buds naked, or with a pair of scales. (The classical 

 Latin name, of unknow'u meaning.) 



§ 1. Cyme radiant, the marginal flowers neutral, icith greatly enlarged flat co- 

 rollas as in Hydrangea; drupes coral-red turning darker, not acid; stone 

 sulcate ; leaves pinnately veined; winter-buds naked. 



1. V. lantanoides, Michx. (Hobble-bush. American Wayfaring- 

 tree.) Leaves (4-8' across) round-ovate, abruptly pointed, heart-shaped at 

 the base, closely serrate, the veins and veinlets l)eneath with the stalks and 

 branchlets very rusty -scurfy ; cymes sessile, very broad and flat. — Cold moist 

 woods, N. Brunswick to Out. and Penn., and in the mountains to N. C. May. 

 A straggling shrul) ; the reclining branches often taking root. 



§ 2. Cyme peduncled, radiant in n. 2 ; drupe light red, acid, globose ; stone 

 very flat, orbicular, not sulcate; leaves palmately veined; winter-buds scaly. 



2. V. Opulus, L. (Cranberry-tree.) Nearly smooth, upright (4- 10° 

 high) ; leaves 3-5-ribbed, strongly 3-lobed, broadly wedge-sliaped or truncate 

 at base, the spreading lobes pointed, mostly toothed on the sides, entire in the 

 sinuses ; petioles bearing 2 glands at the apex. — Low ground, along streams, 

 from N. Brunswick far westward, and south to Penn. June, July. — The acid 

 fruit is a substitute for cranberries, whence tlie names High Cranberry-bush, 



