COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 241 



= = Leaves opposite, clasping or united at the base, long, widetif spreading ; 

 heads mostly \0-\b-jiowered ; corymbs very compound and large. 



12. E. perfoliatum, L. (Thoroughwort. Boneset.) Stem stout 

 (2-4° high), hairy ; leaves lanceolate, united at the base around the stem (connate- 

 perfoliate), tapering to a slender point, serrate, very veiny, wrinkled, downy 

 beneath (5 - 8' long) ; scales of the involucre linear-lanceolate. — Low grounds ; 

 common and well-known. — Varies with the lieads 30 - 40-flowered, or with 

 some or all of the leaves separated and truncate at base. 



Var. cune^tum, Engelm. Leaves smaller, narrowed at base and separate, 

 and heads fewer-flowered. Perhaps a hybrid with n. 7. — Mo. and southward. 



13. E. resindsum, Torr. Minutely velvet y-doicny (2-3° high); leaves 

 linear-lanceolate, elongated, seTTa.te, partly clasping, tapering to the point, slightly 

 veiny beneath (4 - 6' long) ; scales of the involucre oval, obtuse. — Wet pine 

 barrens, N. J. — Name from the copious resinous globules of the leaves. 



* * * Heads 8 - 30-Jiowered ; involucral scales nearly equal, in one row ; leaves 

 opposite, ovate, petioled, triple-nerved, not resinous-dotted ; flowers white. 



14. E. ageratoides, L. (White Snake-root.) Smooth, branching (3° 



high) ; leaves broadly ovate, pointed, coarsely and sharply toothed, long-petioled, 

 thin (3-5' long) ; corymbs compound. — Rich woods; common northward. 



15. E. aromaticum, L. Smooth or slightly downy ; stems nearly sim- 

 ple ; leaves on short petioles, ovate, rather obtusely toothed, not pointed, thickish. — 

 Copses, Mass. to Va., and southward, near the coast. — Lower and more slender 

 than n. 14, with fewer, but usually larger heads; not aromatic. 



§2. CONOCLINIUM. Receptacle conical; involucral scales nearly equal, 



somewhat imbricated. 



16. E. COBlestinum, L. (Mist-flower.) Somewhat pubescent (1 - 2° 

 high) , leaves opposite, petiolate, triangular-ovate and slightly heart-shaped, 

 coarsely and bluntly toothed ; heads many-flowered, in compact cymes ; flowers 

 blue or violet. (Conoolinium coelestinum, DC.) — Rich soil, N. J. to Mich., 

 m., and southward. Sept. 



6. KIJHNIA, L. 



Heads discoid, 10-25-flowered ; flowers perfect. Involucral scales thin, 

 few and loosely imbricated, narrow, striate-nerved. Corolla slender, 5-toothed. 

 Achenes cylindrical, 10-striate; pappus a single row of very plumose (white) 

 bristles. — A perennial herb, resinous-dotted, with mostly alternate leaves, and 

 paniculate-corymbose heads of cream-colored flowers. (Dedicated to Dr. Kuhn, 

 of Pennsylvania, who carried the living plant to Linnaeus.) 



1. K. eupatorioides, L. Stems 2-3° high ; pubescence minute : leaves 

 varying from broadly lanceolate and toothed, to linear and entire. — Dry soil, 

 N. J. to Minn., E. Kan., and southward. Sept. Very variable. — Var. corym- 

 bul6sa, Torr. & Gray, is a western form, stouter and somewhat more pubes- 

 cent, the heads rather crowded. 



7. BRICKELLIA, Ell. 



Characters as in Kuhnia; involucral scales more numerous, and the bristles 

 of the pappus merely scabrous or at the most barbellate or subphimose ; leaves 



