COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 243 



of the cj/Iindrical involucre oblong or lanceolate, with recurved or spreading colored 

 tips. — Prairies, from Ind. to Minn., aud southward. 



7. L. spicata, Willd. Smooth or somewhat hairy ; stems very leafy, 

 stout (2-5° high) ; leaves linear, the lower 3-5-nerved; heads 8 - 1 2-ilowered 

 (^-V long), crowded in a long spike; scales of the cijlindrical-bell-sJiaped invo- 

 lucre oblong or oval, obtuse, apj>7'essed, with slight margins ; achenes pubescent or 

 smoothish. — Moist grounds; common from Mass. to Minn., and southward. — 

 Involucre often resinous, very smooth. 



Var. montana, Gray. LoAv and stout; leaves broader, obtuse; spike 

 short and heads large. — Mountain-tops, Va., and southward. 



8. L. graminifolia, Willd. Hairy or smoothish; stem (1-3° high) 

 slender, leafy ; leaves linear, elongated, 1-nerved ; heads several or numerous, 

 in a spike or raceme, 7 - 12-flowered ; scales of the obconical or obovoid involucre 

 spatulate or oblong, obtuse, or somewhat pointed, rigid, oppressed ; achenes hairy. 

 — Va. and southward. — Inflorescence sometimes panicled, especially in 



Var. dubia, Gray. Scales of the involucre narrower and less rigid, oblong, 

 often ciliate. — Wet pine barrens, X. J., and southward. 



9. TRILISA, Cass. 



Heads discoid, 5- 10-flowered; flowers perfect. Involucral scales nearly 

 equal, little imbricated. Receptacle naked. Corolla-lobes short-ovate or ob- 

 long. Achenes 10-ribbed; pappus of rather rigid bristles, not plumose. — 

 Perennial herbs, fibrous-rooted, with broad entire leaves, obscurely or not at 

 all punctate, and cymules of small heads in a thyrse or panicle. Flowers rose- 

 purple, in autumn. (Name an anagram of Liatris.) 



1. T. odoratissima, Cass. (Vaxilla-plant.) Very smooth; leaves 

 pale, thickish, obovate-spatulate, or the upper oval and clasping; heads co- 

 rymbed. (Liatris odoratissima, Willd.) — Low pine barrens, Va., and south- 

 ward. — Leaves exhaling the odor of Vanilla when bruised. 



2. T. paniculata, Cass. Viscid-hairy; leaves narrowly oblong or lan- 

 ceolate, smoothish, those of the stem partly clasping, heads panicled. (Liatris 

 paniculata, Willd.) — Va. and southward. 



10. GUTIERREZIA, Lag. 



Heads few - several-flowered, radiate ; rays 1-6, pistillate. Involucre ob- 

 long-clavate ; scales coriaceous with green tips, closely imbricated, the outer 

 shorter. Receptacle small, naked. Achenes short, terete; pappus of about 9 

 chaffy scales, shorter in the ray -flowers. — Suffrutescent (our species), glabrous 

 and often glutinous, much branched, with narrowly linear entire alternate 

 leaves, and small heads of yellow flowers in fastigiate or paniculate cymes. 

 (From Gutierrez, a noble Spanish family.) 



1. G. Euthaniiae, Torr. & Gray. Low; leaves numerous, 1-2' long; 

 heads usually crowded, the disk- and short ray-flowers usually 3 or 4 each. — 

 Dry plains, Mont, and Minn, to central Kan., southward aud westward. 



11. AMPHIACHYRIS, Nutt. 



Heads hemispherical ; rays 5-10. Disk-flowers perfect but infertile. Pap- 

 pus of the ray minute, coroniform ; of the disk-flowers of almost bristle-like 



