COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) $>45 



2. C. falc^ta, Ell. Stems (4-10' high) very woolly; leaves crowaed, 

 linear, rigid, about ^-nerved, entire, somewhat recurved or scythe-skaped, hairy, or 

 smooth when old, sessile ; heads (small) corymbed. — Dry sandy soil on tte 

 coast, piue barrens of N. J. to Nantucket and Cape Cod, Mass. Aug. 



* * Leaves ohlonrj or lanceolate, entire or slightly serrate, mostly sessile, veined, 

 not nerved; achenes obovate,Jlattened. 



3. C. gOSS^pina, Nutt. Densely woolly all over; leaves spatulale or ob- 

 long, obtuse (1-2' long) ; heads larger than in the next. — Pine barrens, Va., 

 and southward. Aug. -Oct. 



4. C. Mariana, Nutt. Silky with long and weak hairs, or when old smooth 

 ish ; leaves oblong; heads corymbed, on glandular peduncles. — Dry barrens 

 from S. New York and Penn., southward, near the coast. Aug. - Oct. 



5. C. vill6sa, Nutt. Hirsute and villous-pubescent ; stem corymbosely 

 branched, the branches terminated by single short-peduncled heads ; leaves 

 narrowly oblong, hoary with rough pubescence (as also the involucre), bristly-ciliaie 

 toward the base. — Dry plains and prairies, Wise, to Ky ., and westward. July - 

 Sept. Very variable. — Var. HfspiDA, Gray. Low, hirsute and hispid, not 

 canescent ; heads small. Kan., west and southward. — Var. canescp:xs. Gray. 

 Wholly canescent with short appressed pubescence; leaves narrow, mostly 

 oblanceolate. — Kan. to Tex. 



6. C. pil6sa, Nutt. Annual, soft-hirsute or villous ; leaves oblong-lance- 

 olate ; involucre viscid ; outer pappus chaffy and conspicuous. — Kan. and 

 southward, 



15. APLOPAPPUS, Cass. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; rays many, pistillate. Involucre hemi- 

 spherical, of many closely imbricated scales in several series. Receptacle flat. 

 Achenes short, turbinate to linear; pappus simple, of numerous unequal 

 bristles. — Mostly herbaceous perennials, with alternate rigid leaves. Kay 

 and disk-flowers yellow. (From ottAoos, simple, and irdinros. pappus-) 



1. A. Cili^tus, DC. Annual or biennial, glabrous, 2-5° high, leafy, 

 leaves oval (or lower obovate), obtuse, dentate with bristle-pointed teeth ; 

 heads very large, few and clustered, the outer scales spreading; aclieues gla 

 brous, the central abortive. — Mo., Kan., and southward. 



2. A. spinuloSUS, DC. Perennial, branching, puberulent or glal)rate, 

 low ; leaves narrow, piunately or bipiunately parted, the lobes and teeth bristle 

 tipped; heads small, the appressed scales bristle-tipped; achenes pubescent. 

 — Minn, to Kan., and southward. 



3. A. divaricatUS, Gray. Annual, 1 - 2° high, slender and diffusely 

 paniculate, rough-pubescent or glabrate ; leaves rigid, narrow, entire or with 

 a few spinulose teeth, much reduced above ; heads small and narrow, the ap- 

 pressed scales subulate, attenuate; achenes silky. — Southern Kan 



16. B I GEL 6 VI A, DC. Rayless Golden rod. 



Heads 3 - 4-flowered, the flowers all perfect and tubular. Involucre club 

 shaped, yellowish; the rigid somewhat glutinous scales linear, closely imbri 

 cated and appressed. Receptacle narrow, with an awl-shaped prolongation in 

 the centre. Achenes somewhat obconical, hairy ; pappus a single row of 



