268 COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



like flowering stems small, lanceolate, appressed; the radical obovate or oval- 

 spatulate, petioled, ample, 3-nerved ; heads in a small crowded corymb ; scales 

 of the (mostly white) involucre obtuse in the sterile, and acutish and narrower 

 in the fertile plant. — Sterile knolls and banks; common. March -May. 



32. ANAPHALIS, DC. Everlasting. 



Characters as of Antennaria, but the pappus in the sterile flowers not thick- 

 ened at the summit or scarcely so, and that of the fertile flowers not at all 

 united at base ; fertile heads usually with a few perfect but sterile flowers in 

 the centre. (Said to be an ancient Greek name of some similar plant.) 



1. A. margaritacea, Benth. »& Hook. (Pearly Everlasting.) Stem 

 erect (1-2° high), corymbose at the summit, with many heads, leafy; leaves 

 broadly to linear-lanceolate, taper-pointed, sessile, soon green above ; involu- 

 cral scales pearly-wdiite, very numerous, obtuse or rounded, radiating in age. 

 (Antennaria margaritacea, R. Br.) — Dry hills and woods ; common north- 

 ward. Aug. (N. E. Asia.) 



33. GNAPHALIUM, L. Cudweed. 



Heads many-flowered ; flowers all tubular, the outer pistillate and very slen- 

 der, the central perfect. Scales of the involucre dry and scarious, white or 

 colored, imbricated in several rows. Receptacle flat, naked. Anthers caudate. 

 Achenes terete or flattish ; pappus a single row of capillary rough bristles. — 

 Woolly herbs, with sessile or decurrent leaves, and clustered or corymbed 

 heads; fl. in summer and autumn. Corolla whitish or yellowish. (Name from 

 yvd(paXov, a lock of wool, in allusion to the floccose down.) 



§1. GNAPHALIUM proper. Bristles of the pappus distinct. 



1. G. polycephalum, Michx. (Common Everlasting.) Erect, woolly 

 annual (1-3° high), fragrant ; leaves lanceolate, tapering at the base, with undu- 

 late margins, not decurrent, smoothish above ; heads clustered at the summit of 

 the panicled-cori/mbose branches, ovate-conical before expansion, then obovate; 

 scales (whitish) ovate and oblong, rather obtuse ; perfect flowers few. — Old 

 fields and woods ; common. 



2. G. decurrens, Ives. (Everlasting.) Stout, erect (2° high), annual 

 or biennial, branched at the top, clammy-pubescent, white-woolly on the 

 branches, bearing numerous heads in dense corymbed clusters ; leaves linear- 

 lanceolate, partly clasping, decurrent; scales yellowish-white, oval, acutish. — 

 Hillsides, N. J. and Penn. to Maine, Mich., Minn., and northward. 



3. G. uligin6suin, L. (Low Cudweed.) Diffuselij branched, ap- 

 pressed-woolly annual (3 - 6' high) ; leaves spatulate-oblanceolate or lineai-, 

 not decurrent ; heads (small) in terminal sessile capitate clusters subtended by 

 leaves; scales brownish, less imbricated. — Low grounds; common, especially 

 east and northward ; perhaps introduced. (Eu.) 



4. G. supinum, Villars. (Mountain Cudweed.) Dwarf and tufted 

 perennial (2' high) ; leaves linear, woolly ; heads solitary or few and spiked on 

 the slender simple flowering stems ; scales brown, lanceolate, acute, nearly 

 glabrous ; achenes broader and flatter. — Alpine summit of Mount Washing- 

 ton ; verv rare. (Eu.) 



