COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 289 



finely dissected ; chaff of the receptacle blunt ; pappus none. — Establishea 

 near Lewiston, Delaware, Nuttall. (Adv. from Eu.) 



67. ACHILLEA, L. Yarrow. 



Heaas many-flowered, radiate ; the rays few, fertile. Involucral scales im- 

 bricated, with scarious margins. Receptacle chaffy, flattish. Acheues oblong, 

 flattened, margined ; pappus none. — Perennial herbs, with small corymbose 

 hecids. (So named because its virtues are said to have been discovered by 

 Achilles.) 



1. A. Millefolium, L. (Common Yarrow or Milfoil.) Stems simple; 

 leaves tiuice-pinnatelfj parted ; the divisions linear, 3 - 5-cleft, crowded ; corymb 

 compound, flat-topped ; involucre oblong ; rai/s 4-5, short, white (sometimes rose- 

 color). — Fields and hills; common. Green and more glabrate in fields in the 

 Atlantic States, and perhaps in such cases introduced. Aug. (Eu.) 



A. Ptarmica, L. (Sneezeavort.) Leaves simple, lance-linear, sharply 

 serrate with appressed teeth; corymb loose; rajjs 8-12, much longer than the 

 broader campanalate involucre: flowers white. — Mass., Mich., etc. ; rare. Ap- 

 parently indigenous on the Lower St. Lawrence. (Adv. from Eu.) 



68. MATRICARIA, Tourn. Wild Chamomile. 



Heads many-flowered ; rays pistillate, or wanting. Scales of the involucre 

 imbricated, with scarious margins. Receptacle conical, at least in fruit, naked. 

 Achenes 3 - 5-ribbed, wingless ; pappus a membranaceous crown or border, or 

 none. — Smooth and branching herbs (ours annuals or biennials) with finely 

 divided leaves and single or corymbed heads. Rays white or none ; disk yel- 

 low. (Named for reputed medicinal virtues.) 



M. ixod6ra, L. Leaves twice-pinnately divided into fine almost fili- 

 form lobes; heads large, naked-peduncled, and ivith mam/ long raijs; achenes 

 strongly 3-ribbed ; pappus a short crown or border. — (Wild far northward.) 

 Roadsides, Eastport, Maine, Prof. Verrill. Aug. (Adv. from Eu.) 



M. DiscoiDEA, DC. Low (6-9' high); leaves 2 - 3-pinnately parted into 

 short linear lobes; heads rayless, short-peduncled ; scales oval, with broad 

 margins, much shorter than the conical disk ; achenes more terete ; pappus 

 obsolete. — Banks of the Mississippi opposite St. Louis. An immigrant from 

 Oregon, extending eastward and becoming naturalized near railroad stations ; 

 also established in N. Europe. July - Sept. 



69. CHRYSANTHEMUM, Tourn. Ox-ete Daisy. 



Heads many-flowered ; rays numerous, fertile. Scales of the broad and flat 

 involucre imbricated, with scarious margins. Receptacle flat or convex, naked. 

 Disk-corollas with a flattened tube. Achenes of disk and ray similar, striate, 

 without pappus. — Perennial herbs, with toothed, pinuatifid, or divided leaves, 

 and single or corymbed heads. Rays white ; disk yellow. (Old Greek name, 

 XpvcrdudeiJLov, i. e. golden flower.) 



C. LEUC.4.XTHEMUM, L. (Ox-EYE or White Daisy. White-weed.) 

 Stem erect, nearly simple, naked above and bearing a single large head ; root- 

 leaves spatulate,petioled,the others partly clasping,all cut or pinnatifid-toothed; 

 scales of the involucre with rusty-brown margins. (Leucanthemum vulgare. 

 Lain.) — Fields and meadows ; abundant eastward. June, July. A pernicious 

 weed, with large and showy heads. It occurs with abortive, deformed, or tubu- 

 lar and laciniate rays. (Nat. from Eu.) 



C. Parthenium, Pers. (Feverfew.) Tall, branched, leafy; leaA-es 

 twice-pinnately divided, the divisions ovate, cut; heads cor'/mbed, rather small. 

 (Leucanthemum Parthenium, Godron.) — Escaped from gardens in some 

 places. (Adv. from Eu.) 



