COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 291 



§ 2. Receptacle, smooth ; flowers aUfertiJe, a few pistillate, the others perfect. 



Two cultivated shrubby species, from Europe, with filiformly divided leaves, 

 have occasionally escaped from gardens and become spontaneous, viz., A. Ab- 

 ROTixuM, L. (the Solthernwood), of strict habit, with leaves 1 - 2-pinnatifid 

 and pubescent heads, and A. pr6ceka, L., witli more spreading branches, all 

 the leaves finely 2-pinnatifid, and heads glabrous. 



* Tall (1 -5°) and branching ])erennials, whitened with fine and close-pressed 

 ivool ; heads small, in leafy panicles. 



6. A. serrata, Nutt. Very leafy, 6-9° high ; leaves lanceolate or the 

 upper linear, serrate, white-tomentose beneath, green above , heads greenish, 

 oblong, 2" long or less. — 111. to S. Dak. 



7. A. longifolia, Xutt. 8tera 2-5° high; leaves linear or linear-lanceo- 

 late, entire, usually glabrate above; heads oblong, canescent, 2-3" long — 

 Minn, to Neb., and westward. 



8. A. Llldoviciana, Nutt. (Western Mugwort.) Whitened woothj 



througliout ; leaves lanceolate, the \\])])QX mostly entire, the lower usually cut- 



lobed, toothed or pinnatifid, the ujjper surface sometimes glabrate and green ; 



heads campanulate, mostly sessile in narrow panicles. — Dry banks, Sask. to 



Mich., 111., Tex., and westward. Very variable. 



A. vrLGA.Ris, L. (Co.M.^iox Mugwort.) Leaves nwstli/ glabrous and 

 green above, beneath and the branches white-woolly, all pinnatifid, with the 

 divisions often cut-lobed, linear-lanceolate ; heads small in open panicles. — 

 Waste places, near dwellings. (Adv. from Eu.) 



* * Densel ji white-tomentose perennial ; heads large, racemose-glomerate. 



9 A. Stelleriana, Bess. Stout, 1-2° high, from a creeping base; 

 /eaves ob(jvate or spatulate, pinnatifid, the lobes obtuse. — Sandy sea-beaches, 

 E. Mass. ; locally nat. from N. E. Asia? 



* * * Less branched (1-3°), biennial or annual, glabrous. 



\0. A. biennis, Willd. Strict, 1-3° high; lower leaves twice-pinnately 

 parted, the upper piimatifid ; lobes linear, acute, in the lower leaves cut- 

 toothed ; heads in short axillary spikes or clusters, crowded in a narrow and 

 glomerate leafy panicle. — Gravelly banks, Ohio to Tenn., Mo., and northwest- 

 ward , rapidly extending eastward by railroad to Buffalo, Philadelphia, etc. 



A. AXNUA, L. Tall, much branched ; leaves 2-pinnately divided, the oblong 

 segments deeply pinnatifid; heads small, in a loose ample panicle. — Ind. to 

 Kan. (Nat. from Old World.) 



§ 3. Receptacle hairij ; flowers all fertile, the marginal ones pistillate. 



A. Absinthium, L. (Wormwood.) Bather shrubby (2-3° high), silky 

 hoary; leaves 2-3-pinnately parted, lobes lanceolate; heads hemispherical, 

 panicled. — Roadsides, escaped from gardens. (Adv. from Eu.) 



11. A. frigida, Willd. Low (6 - 20' high), in tufts, slightly woody at the 

 base, white-silky ; leaves pinnately parted and 3-5-cIeft, the divisions narrow- 

 linear; heads globose, racemose. — Dry hills and rocks, Sask. to Minn., W 

 Tex., and westward. 



72. TUSSILAGO, Toum. Coltsfoot. 



Head many-flowered , ray-flowers in several rows, narrowly ligulate, pistil- 

 late, fertile ; disk-flowers with undivided style, sterile. Involucre nearly simple. 

 Receptacle flat. Achenes cylindrical-oblong ; pappus copious, soft and capil- 



