COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 299 



bearing one or more yellow heads. (Name from K^uv, a lion, and 65ovs, a tooth, 

 in allusion to the toothed leaves.) — The following belongs to the subgenus 

 OpoRfxiA, with a tawny pappus of a single row of equal bristles. 



li. AUTUMxA-Lis, L. (Fall Dandelion.) Leaves laciniate-toothed or 

 piunatifid, somewhat pubescent; scape branched, 5-15' high; peduncles 

 thickened at the summit, scaly-bracteate. — Meadows and roadsides ; N. Eng. 

 to Penn. June - Nov. (Nat.' from Eu.) 



88. PICRIS, L. 



Heads many-flowered, terminating leafy stems. Outer scales loose or spread- 

 ing. Achenes terete, with 5-10 rugose ribs ; pappus of 1 or 2 rows of plumose 

 bristles. — Coarse rough-bristly annuals or biennials, with yellow flowers. (The 

 Greek name of some allied bitter herb, from iriKpos, bitter') 



P. Hip:RACioiDES, L. Rather tall, corymbosely branched, the bristles 

 somewhat barbed at tip ; leaves lanceolate or broader, clasping, irregularly 

 toothed ; achenes oblong, with little or no beak. — Sparingly introduced. 

 (Nat. from Eu.) 



89. HIERACIUM, Tourn. Haavkweed. 



Heads 12 -many-flowered. Involucre more or less imbricated. Achenes 

 short, oblong or columnar, striate, not beaked ; pappus a single row of tawny 

 and fragile capillary rough bristles. — Hispid or hirsute and often glandular 

 perennials, with entire or toothed leaves, and single or panicled heads of mostly 

 yellow flowers; summer and early autumn. (Name from lepa^, a hawk.) 



§ 1. Involucre not much imbricate, scarcely calyculate ; achenes oblong ; pap})\is 



not copious. 



H. AURANT^ACUM, L. Low, long-liirsute, above hispid and glandular, the 

 involucral hairs dark ; leaves all near the base of the simple peduncle ; heads 

 clustered ; flowers deep orange to flame-color. — Koadsides and fields ; N. Eng. 

 to N. Y. (Nat. from Eu.) 



H. pr.eIltum, Vill. Glaucous, 2° high, only the base and lanceolate 

 leaves hairy ; heads in an open cyme ; flowers yellow. — N. New York ( Ward). 

 (Xat. from Eu.) 



§ 2. Heads large ; involucre irregularly imbricated ; achenes columnar ; pappus 



copious, unequal. 



H. MURDRUM, L. Stem scape-like, low; leaves oval or oblong, obtuse, 

 toothed toward the subcordate base ; heads few, dark-glandular. — Open woods 

 near Brooklyn, N. Y. (Nat. from Eu.) 



1. H. Canadense, Michx. Stems simple, leafy, corymbed at the sum- 

 mit (1-3° high); leaves sessile, lanceolate or ovate-oblong, acute, remotely 

 and very coarsely toothed, somewhat hairy, the uppermost slightly clasping. 

 — Dry woods, N. Eng. to Penn., Minn., and northward. 



§ 3. Heads small ; involucre cylindrical, scarcely imbricated. 



* Achenes columnar, not attenuate upward when mature; panicle not virgate. 



2. H. paniculatum, L. Stem slender, leafy, diffusely branched, 

 hairy only below (1-3° high); leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends, slightly 

 toothed, smooth; heads (v©ry small) in a loose panicle, on slender and diverg 

 ing pedicels, 12 - 20-Jlowered ; achenes short. — Open woods; rather common. 



3. H. ven6surQ, L. (Rattlesnake-weed.) Stem or scape (1-2° 

 high) naked or with a single leaf, smooth (JmA slender, fork ing above into a spread- 



