LOBELIACE.E. (LOBELIA FAMILY.) 305 



8. L. leucophsea, Gray. Nearly smooth bieuuial; stem tall (3-12° 

 high), very leafy ; leaves irregularly pinnatifid, sometimes runciuate, coarsely 

 toothed, the upper caulii e sessile aud auriculate, sometimes clasping ; heads 

 in a large and dense compound panicle ; flowers bluish to cream-color ; achene 

 short-beaked; pappus tawny. (Mulgedium, DC.) — Low grounds; rather 

 common. — Var. integrif6lia, Gray. Leaves undivided, or the lower sinu- 

 ate-pinnatifid. Ohio to 111. 



98. SCiNCHUS, L. Sow-Thistle. 



Heads many-flowered, becoming tumid at base. Involucre more or less im- 

 bricated. Acheues obcor .pressed, ribbed or striate, not beaked ; pappus copious, 

 of very white exceedingly soft and fine bristles mainly falling together. — Leafy- 

 stemmed coarse weeds, chiefly smooth and glaucous, witli corymbed or umbel- 

 late heads of yellow flowers ; produced in summer aud autumn. (Tlie ancient 

 Greek name.) 



* Annual (1-5° high) ; JJowers pale yellow, 



S. olerXcets, L. (Common Sow-Thistle.) Stem-leaves runcinate-pin- 

 natifid, or rarely undivided, slightly toothed w^ith soft spiny teeth, clasping by 

 a heart-shapec' base, the auricles acute ; involucre downy when young ; achenes 

 striate, also v rinkled transversely. — Waste places in manured'soil and around 

 dwellings. (Nat. from Eu.) 



S. ASPEii, Vill. (Spixy-leaved S.) Stem-leaves less divided and more 

 spiny-toot? ed, the auricle.s of the clasping base rounded ; achenes margined, 

 3 -nerved on each side, smooth. — With and like the last, (Nat. from Eu.) 



* * Peiennial, with creeinng rootstocks , flowers bright yellow, in large heads. 



S. APVENSis, L. (FiPLD S.) Leaves runcinate-pinnatifid, spiny-toothed, 

 clasping by a heart-shaped base; peduncles and involucre bristly; achenes 

 transversely wrinkled on the ribs. — Roadsides, etc., N. Eug. and N. Y.; be- 

 coming more common. (Xat. from Eu.) 



Order 56. LC>BELIACE^. (Lobelia Family.) 



He:-bs with acrid milk:/ j'uice^ alternate leaves, and scattered flowers, an 

 irregular monopetalous blohed corolla . the 5 stamens free from the corolla, 

 and united into a tube commonly by their filaments and always by their 

 anthers. — Calyx-tube acdierent to the many-seeded pod. Style 1 , stigma 

 often fringed. Seeds acatropous, with a small straight embryo, in copious 

 albumen. — Nearly passing into the following order. 



1. LOBELIA, L. 



Calyx 5-cIeft, with a short tube. Corolla with a straight tube, split down on 

 i;he (apparently) upper sic e, somewhat 2-lipped : the upper lip of 2 rather erect 

 lobes, the lower lip spreading and 3-cleft. Two of the anthers in our species 

 bearded at the top. Pod 2-celled, many-seeded, opening at the top. — Flowers 

 axillary or chiefly in bracted racemes , in summer and early autumn. (Dedi- 

 cated to Matthias De I' 01 el, an early Flemish herbalist.) 

 * Flo vers deep red, large , stem, simple. 



1. L. cardin^lis, L (Cardixal-flower.) Tall (2-4® high), smooth- 

 ish, leaves oblong-lanceolate, slightly toothed ; raceme elongated, rather 1 -sided. 

 the pedicels much shorter than the leaf -like bracts. — Low grounds, common 



