f308 CAMPANULACE^. (CAMPANULA FAMILY.) 



1. SPECULAIIIA, Heister. Venus's Looking-glass 



Calyx 5- (or 3 - 4-) lobed. Corolla wheel-shaped, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, sepa- 

 rate ; the membranaceous hairy filaments shorter than the anthers. Stigmas 3. 

 Capsule prismatic or elongated-oblong, 3-celled, opening by 3 small lateral 

 valves. — Low annuals, with axillary blue or purplish flowers, in American 

 species dimorphous, the earlier being cleistogamous. (Name from Speculum 

 Veneris, the early name of the common European species.) 



L S. perfoliata, A. DC. Somewhat hairy (3-20' high); leaves round- 

 ish or ovate, clasping bi/ the heart-shaped base, toothed ; floAvers sessile, solitary 

 or 2 - 3 together in the axils, only the upper or later ones having a conspic- 

 uous and expanding corolla; capsule oblong, short, straight, opening rather below 

 the middle : seeds lenticular. — Sterile open ground ; common. May -Aug. 



2. S. leptocarpa, Gray. Minutely hirsute or nearly glabrous (6-12' 

 high) ; leaves lanceolate, with flowers closely sessile in their axils ; calyx-lobes 

 of lower flowers 3 ; capsule nearly cylindrical (6-9" loixg, 1" thick), inclined to 

 curve, opening bg one or two uplifted valves near the summit; seeds oblong. — 

 W. Mo. and Ark. to Col. and W. Tex. Expanded corolla 6-9" wide. 



2. CAMPANULA, Tourn. Bellflower. 



Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla generally bell-shaped, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, sepa- 

 rate , the filaments broad and membranaceous at the base. Stigmas and cells 

 of the capsule 3 in our species, the short pod opening on the sides by as many 

 valves or holes. — Herbs, with terminal or axillary flowers ; in summer. (A 

 diminutive of the Italian campana, a bell, from the shape of the corolla.) 

 * Style straight; openings of capsule below the middle. 



+- Coarse pubescent many-Jlowered European species, sparingly naturalized ; 



perennial. 



C. RAPUNCULOiDES, L. Smoothish, slender, erect ; stem-leaves ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, pointed, the lower long-petioled and heart-shaped ; flowers nodding, 

 single in the axil of bracts, forming racemes; corolla oblong, 1' long. — Road- 

 sides and fields, Canada and X. Eng. to Penn. 



C. GLOMBRATA, L. (Ci.usTERED B.) Somewhat hairy, stout and erect, 

 1° high; stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, cordate-clasping; flowers sessile, 

 clustered in the upper axils, forming a leafy head ; corolla open-bell-shaped, 

 1' long. — Roadsides, E. Mass. 



1- •*- Slender perennials, mostly glabrous ; flowers one or few, on slender peduncles. 



1. C. rotundifolia, L. (Harebell.) Slender, branching (5- 12' high), 

 i -10-flowered , root-leaves round-heart-shaped or ovate, mostly toothed or cre- 

 nate, long-petioled, early withering away ; stem-leaves numerous, linear or nar~ 

 —iwly lanceolate, entire, smooth ; calyx-lobes awl-shaped , from -^ to § the length 

 ot the bright-bme corolla (which is 6-9" long); capsule nodding. — Rocky 

 shaded banks, throughout the northern part of our range, and southward in 

 the mountains. — A delicate and pretty species, but with a most inappropriate 

 name, since the roiind root-leaves are rarely obvious. (Eu.) 



Var. arctica, Lange. Stems more upright and rather rigid , lowest leaves 

 spatulate ; the verv slender calyx-lobes soon spreading or deflexed ; corolla 

 §-1' long. (C. rotundifolia, var. linifolia, of Man.) — Shores of the Great 

 LakeSj and northward. (Eu.) 



