GENTIANACE^. (GENTIAN FAMILY.) 347 



Suborder I. Gentiaiieae. Leaves always simple and entire, ses- 

 sile, never alternate. Estivation of corolla never valvate. 



* Lobes of corolla convolute in the bud. 

 »- Style filiform, usually deciduous ; anthers oblong to linear, mostly twisting or curving 



in age. 



1. Erythraea. Parts of flower 5 or 4 ; corolla salver-form ; anthers twisting spirally. 



2. Sabbatia. Parts of flower 5-12 ; corolla rotate ; antliers recurved or revolute. 



3. £u.stoma. Parts of flower 5 or 6 ; corolla campanulate-funnel-forni ; anthers versatile, 



straight or recurving; calyx-lobes long-acuminate. 



■*- f- Style stout and persistent or none ; anthers remaining straight. 



4. Gentiana. Corolla funnel-form or bell-shaped, mostly plaited in the sinuses, without 



spurs or glands. Calyx 4 - 5-cleft. 



5. Frasera. Corolla 4-pai-ted, rotate ; a fringed glandular spot on each lobe 



6. Haleiiia. Corolla 4-5-cIcft, carapanulate, and 4-5-spurred at the base. 



* * Lobes of corolla imbricate in the bud ; no appendages. 



7. Bartonia. Calyx 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-cleft, somewhat campanulate. 



8. Obolaria. Calyx of 2 foliaceous sepals. CoroUa 4-lobed, oblong-campanulate. 



Suborder II. Menyantheae. Leaves all alternate and mostly 

 petiu/ed, sometimes trifoliolate or crenate. Estivation of corolla indu- 

 plicate-valvate. Marsh or aquatic perennials. 



9. Menyanthes. Corolla bearded inside. Leaves 3-foliolate. 



10. Liiiunaiitheniuin. CoroUa naked, or bearded on the margins only. Leaves simple, 

 rounded. 



1. ERYTHRJEA, Richard. Centaury. 



Calyx 4 - 5-parted, the divisions slender. Corolla funnel-form or salver-form, 

 with slender tube and 4 - 5-parted limb. Anthers exserted, erect, twisting spi- 

 rally. Style slender, single ; stigma capitate or 2dipped. — Low and small 

 branching annuals, chiefly with rose-purple or reddish flowers (whence the 

 name, from epuOpos, red) ; in summer. 



E. CENTAtjRiUM, Pers. (Cextal'ry.) Stem upright {6-12' high), cor i/m- 

 boselij branched above ; leaves oblong or elliptical, acutish, the basal rosulate, 

 the uppermost linear ; cijmes cl ustered , Jlat-topped , the flowers all nearhi sessile : 

 tube of the (purple-rose-colored) corolla not twice the length of the oval lobes. 

 — ^Yaste grounds, shores of Lakes Ontario and Michigan. (Adv. from Eu.) 



E. RAMOsfssiMA, Pcrs. Low (2-6' high); ste7n many times forked above 

 and forming a diffuse ci/me ; leaves ovate-oblong or oval, not rosulate below- 

 flowers all on short pedicels ; tube of the (pink-purple) corolla thrice the length 

 of the elliptical-oblong lobes. — Wet or shady places, N. J., E. Penn., and 

 southward. (Nat. from Eu.) 



E. spicXta, Pers. Stem strictly upright (6-10' high) ; the Jloirers sessile 

 and sjiiked along one side of tlie simple or rarehj forked branches; leaves oval 

 and ol)long, rounded at base, acutish ; tube of the (rose-colored or whitish) 

 corolla scarcely longer than tlie calyx, the lobes oblong. — Sandy sea-shore, 

 Nantucket, Mass., and Portsmouth, Va. (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. SABBATIA, Adans. 



Calyx 5-12-parted, the divisions slender. Corolla 5-12-parted, wheel- 

 shaped. Stamens 5-12; anthers soon recurved. Style 2-cleft or -parted, 

 slender. — Biennials or annuals, with slender stems, and cymose-panicled 

 handsome (white or rose-purple) flowers, in summer. (Dedicated to L. Sah- 

 Luti, an early Italiau botanist.) 



