352 GENTIANACE^. (gENTIAN FAMILY.) 



Pleurogyne Carixthiaca, Griseb., var. prsfLLA, Gray, alow few -flowered 

 annual, with rotate blue or bluish 4-5 parted corolla and a pair of scale-like 

 appendages on the base of its divisions, is found from the Arctic Coast to the 

 Lower !St. Lawrence and Newfoundlanti, and was reported by Pursh from the 

 summits of the White Mountains, but has not since been found. 



5. FRASERA, Walt. American Colcmbo. 



Calyx deeply 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-parted, wheel-shaped, each division 

 witli a glandular and fringed pit on the face. Filaments awl-shaped, usually 

 somewhat monadelphous at base ; anthers oblong, versatile. Style persistent ; 

 stigma 2-lobed. Capsule oval, flattened, 4- 14-seeded. Seeds large and flat, 

 wing-margined. — Tall and showy herbs, with a thick root, upright and mostly 

 simple stems, bearing whorled leaves, and numerous peduncled flowers in open 

 cymes, disposed in an ample elongated panicle. (Dedicated to John Fraser, an 

 indefatigable collector in this country toward the close of the last century.) 



1. F. Carolinensis, Walt. Smooth biennial or triennial (3 - 8° high) • 

 leaves mostly in fours, lance-oblong, the lowest spatulate, veiny ; panicle py- 

 ramidal, loosely flowered; corolla (1' broad) light greenish-yellow, marked 

 with small brown-purple dots, its divisions oblong, nmcronate, longer than 

 the narrowly lanceolate calyx-lobes, each with a large round gland below the 

 middle; capsule much flattened parallel with the flat valves. — Rich dry soil, 

 western N. Y. to AVisc, south to Ga. 



6. HALENIA, Borkh. Spurred Gentian. 



Calyx 4-5-parted. Corolla short bell-shaped, 4-5-cleft, without folds or 

 fringe, prolonged at the base underneath the erect lobes into spurs, which are 

 glandular in the bottom. Stigmas 2, sessile, persistent on the oblong flattish 

 capsule. Seeds rather numerous, oblong. — Small and upright herbs, with 

 yellowish or purplish panicled-cyraose flowers. (Named for John Halen, a 

 German botanist.) 



1. H. deflexa, Grisebach. Leafy annual or biennial (9-18' high), simple 

 or branched above ; leaves 3 - .5-nerved, the lowest oblong-spatulate and peti- 

 oled, the others oblong-lanceolate, acute ; spurs cylindrical, obtuse, curved, 

 descending, half the length of the acutely 4-lobed corolla. — Damp and cool 

 .voods, from N. Maine and W. Mass. to L. Superior, Minn., and northward. 



7. BARTONIA, Muhl. 



Calyx 4-parted Corolla deeply 4-cleft, destitute of glands, fringes, or folds. 

 Stamens short. Capsule oblong, flattened, pointed with a large persistent at 

 length 2-lobed stigma. Seeds minute, innumerable, covering the wliole inner 

 surface of the pod. — Small annuals or biennials (3-10' high), with thread- 

 like stems, and little awl-shaped scales in place of leaves. Howers small, white, 

 peduncled. (Dedicated to Prof. Benjamin Smith Barton, of Philadelphia.) 



I. B. tendlla, Muhl. Stems branched above, the branches or peduncles 

 mostly opposite, 1 -3-flowered ; /ohes of the corolla oblong, acutish, rather longer 

 than the cali/x, or sometimes twice as long; anthers roundish : ovary 4-angled, 

 the cell somewhat cruciform. — Open woods, Newf. to Wise, south to Va 

 and La. Auir. — Scales and branches occasionallv alternate. 



