354 GENTIANACE.*:. (GENTIAN FAMILY.) 



2. L. trachysp^rmum, Gray, Leaves larger (2 - 6' l)road) and rounder 

 thicker, often -wavy-margined or erenate, roughish and dark-punctate or pitted 

 oeneath; petioles stouter; seeds glandular-roughened. — Ponds and streams, 

 Md. and Va. to Fla. and Tex. 



Order 70. POLEMONIACEiE. (Polemonium Family.) 



Herbs., icith alternate or opposite leaves, regular 5-merous and 5-androus 



flowers, the lobes of the corolla convolute in the bud, a ^-celled ovary and 



3-lohed style ; capsule 3-celled, 3-valved, loculicidal, few - many-seeded : 



the valves usually breaking away from the triangular central column. — 



Seeds amphitropous, the coat frequently mucilaginous when moistened 



and emitting spiral threads. Embryo straight in the axis of copious 



albumen. Calyx persistent, imbricated. Corolla with a 5-parted border. 



Anthers introrse. (Insipid and innocent plants ; many are ornamental 



in cultivation.) 



1 Phlox. Corolla salver-form. Calyx narrow. Leaves opposite, entire. 



'2 Gilia. Corolla tubular-funnel-form or salver-forni. Calyx narrow, partly scarious. 



Leaves mostly alternate, entire. 

 3. Polemonium. Corolla open-bell-shaped. Calyx herbaceous, bell-shaped. Filaments 



slender, equal. Leaves alternate, pinnate or pinnately parted. 



1. PHLOX, L. 



Calyx narrow, somewhat prismatic, or plaited and angled. Corolla salver- 

 form, with a long tube. Stamens very unequally inserted in the tube of the 

 corolla, included. Capsule ovoid, with sometimes 2 ovules but ripening only 

 a single seed in each cell. — Perennials (except a few southern species, such 

 as P. Drummondii of the gardens), with opposite and sessile perfectly entire 

 leaves, tlie floral often alternate. Flowers cymose, mostly bracted ; the open 

 clusters terminal or crowded in tlie upper axils. (4>a6|, /?ame, an ancient name 

 of Lychnis, transferred to this North American genus.) Most of our species 

 are cultivated in gardens. 



§ 1. Herbaceous, ivith fat (broad or narrow) leaves. 



* Stem strictly erect ; panicle pyramidal or oblong, many-flowered ; peduncles 

 and pedicels very short ; corolla-lobes entire. (Very common in gardens.) 



1. P. paniculata, L. Stem stout (2-4° high), smooth; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate and ovate-lanceolate, pointed, large, tapering at the base, the upper 

 often heart-shaped at the base ; panicle ample, pyramidal -cor ymbed : calyx-teeth 

 awn-pointed; corolla pink-purple varying to white. — Open woods, Penn. to 

 111., south to Fla. and La. June, July. 



2. P. macul^ta, L. (Wild Sweet-William.) Smooth, or barely 

 roughish ; stem spotted with purple, rather slender (1 -2° high) ; lower leaves 

 lanceolate, the upper nearly ovate-lanceolate, tapering to the apex from the 

 broad and rounded or somewhat heart-shaped base ; panicle narrow, oblong, 

 leafy below; calyx-teeth triaugnlar-lanceolate, short, scarcely pointed; corolla 

 pink-purple. — Rich woodlands and along streams, N. J. and N. Penn. to 

 Minn., south to Fla. and Ark. — Var. Candida, Michx., is a white-flowered 

 form, commonly with spotless stem. With the ordinary form. 



