HYDROPHYLLACE.E. (WATERLEAF FAMILY.) 357 



2. P. caerilleuni, L. (Jacob's Ladder.) Stem erect (1-3° high) ; 

 leaflets 9-:21, liuear-lauceolate, oblong- or ovate-lanceolate, mostly crowded ; 

 flowers nnmerons, in a thyrsns or contracted panicle ; lobes of the calyx longer 

 tlian the tube ; .s/a mens and sti/le mostlij exserted beyond the bright blue corolla, 

 which is nearly 1' broad; capsule several-seeded. — Rare in our range, occur- 

 ring in swamps and on mountains in N. H., N. Y., X. J., and Md., but common 

 in the western mountains and far northward. 



Okdek 71. HYDKOPHYLLACE^E. (Waterleaf Family.) 



Herbs, commonlij hairij, with mostlij alternate leaves, regular b-merous and 

 5-androus Jioicers, in aspect between the foregoing and the next order : hut 

 the ovanj entire and 1-celled ivith 2 parietal 4 - mang-ovuled placentce, or 

 rarely 2-celled by the union of the placentce in the axis; style 2-cleft, or 2 

 separate styles ; fruit a 2-valced 4 -many-seeded capsule. — Seeds mostly 

 reticulated or pitted. Embryo small in copious albumen. — Flowers 

 chielly blue or white, in one-sided cymes or false racemes, which are 

 mostly bractless and coiled from tlie apex when young, as in the Borage 

 Family. A small order of plants of no marked properties ; some culti- 

 vated for ornament. 



Tribe I. HYDKOPHYLL,E^. Ovary and capsule 1-celled. Seeds pitted or reticu- 

 lated ; albiunen cartilagiuous. Leaves cut-toothed, lobed or pinnate. Style 2-cleft. 



* Ovary lined with the dilated and fleshy placentee, which enclose the ovules and seeds (in 

 our plants only 4) like an inner pericarp. 



1. Hydrophyllum. Stamens exserted ; anthers linear. Calyx unchanged in fruit. 



2. Nemophila. Stamens inehided; anthers short. Calyx with appendages at the sinuses. 



3. £llisia. Stamens included. Calyx destitute of apj)endages, enlarged in fruit. 



* * Ovary with narrow parietal placentae, in fruit projecting inward more or less. 



4. Pliacelia. Corolla-lobes imbricated in the bud. Calyx destitute of appendages. 

 Tribe II. HYDROliE^. Ovary and capsule 2-celled, the placentae often projecting 



from the axis far into the cells. Albumen fleshy. Leaves entire. Styles 2. 



5. Hydrolea. Corolla between wheel-shaped and bell shaped. 



1. HYDROPHYLLUM, Tourn. Waterleaf. 



Calyx 5-parted, sometimes with a small appendage in each sinus, early open 

 in the bud. Corolla bell-shaped, 5-cleft ; the lobes convolute in the bud; the 

 tube furnished with b longitudinal linear appendages opposite the lobes, which 

 cohere by their middle, while their edges are folded inward, forming a necta- 

 riferous groove. Stamens and style mostly exserted ; filaments more or less 

 bearded ; anthers linear. Ovary bristly-hairy (as is usual in the family) ; the 

 2 fleshy placentifi expanded so as to line the cell and nearly fill the cavity, soon 

 free from the walls except at the top and bottom, each bearing a pair of ovules 

 on the inner face. Capsule ripening 1-4 seeds, spherical. — Perennials, with 

 petioled ample leaves, and white or pale blue cymose-clustered flowers. (Name 

 formed of uSwp, irater, and (pvKXov, leaf; of no obvious application.) 



* Calyx irith minute if any appendages ; rootstoclcs creeping, seal y-foothed. 



1. H. macrophyllum, Nutt. Bough-hairy; leaves ohlnng, pinnate and 

 pinnotifd ; the divisions 9 - 1-3, oi-a/f, o/)/M.se, coarsely cut-toothed ; root-leaves 



