scropiiulariacetE. (figwort family.) 391 



oblong ; those of the stem incised ; the floral 3 - 5-cleft, bright scarlet toward 

 the summit (rarely yellow) ; calyx about the length of the pale yellow corolla, 

 equally cleft both sides, the lobes quadrate-oblong, entire or retuse. — Low sandy 

 ground, Maine to Minn., south to N. J., Tenn., and Tex. 



2. C. pallida, Kunth, var. septentrionalis, Gray. Perennial, smooth 

 or sparingly hairy, at the summit woolly ; leaves mainly entire, the lower linear, 

 upper broader ; the floral oblong or obovate, greenish-white, varying to yel- 

 lowish, purple, or red ; calyx equally cleft, the lobes oblong or lanceolate, 2-cleft : 

 corolla r, -I'long, the galea decidedly shorter than the tube, not over 2 or 3 

 times as long as the lip. — Alpine summits of N. Eng., N. shore of L. Supe- 

 rior, west and northward. 



3. C. sessiliflora, Pursh. Perennial, 6 - 8' high, very leafy, cinereous- 

 pubescent; leaves mostly 3 -5-cleft, with narrow diverging sometimes cleft 

 lobes ; the floral similar or broader, not at all colored ; calyx deeper cleft in 

 front, the narrow lobes deeply 2-cleft ; corolla 2' long, the short galea but twice 

 as long as the slender-lobed lip. — Prairies, Wise, and 111. to N. Dak. and Tex. 



21. ORTHOCARPUS, Xutt 



Corolla with the upper lip (galea) little longer and usually much narrower 

 than the inflated 1 - 3-saccate lower one. Otherwise nearly as Castilleia. 

 (Name from opOos, upright, and Kapiros, fruit.) 



1. O. luteus, Xutt. Annual, pubescent and hirsute, sometimes viscid, 

 erect, 1° high ; leaves linear to lanceolate, occasionally 3-cleft ; spike dense ; 

 bracts broader, mostly 3-cleft, about equalling the flowers, not colored ; co- 

 rolla golden-yellow, not 6" long, 2-3 times as long as the calyx. — Plains, 

 N. Minn, to Col., and westward. 



22. SCHWALBEA, Gronov. Chaff-seed. 



Calyx oblique, tubular, 10- 12-ribbed, 5-toothed ; the posterior tooth much 

 the smaller, the 2 anterior united higher than the others. Up])er lip of the 

 corolla arched, oblong, entire ; the lower little shorter, erect, 2-plaited, with 3 

 very short and broad obtuse lobes. Stamens 4, included in the upper lip ; 

 antlier cells equal and parallel. Capsule ovate, many-seeded. Seeds linear, 

 with a loose chaff -like coat. — A perennial minutely pubescent upright herb 

 (1-2° high), with leafy simple stems, terminated by a loose spike of rather 

 large dull purplish-yellow flowers; leaves alternate, sessile, 3-nerved, entire, 

 ovate or oblong, the upper gradually reduced to narrow bracts; pedicels 

 rery short, with 2 bractlets under the calyx. (Dedicated to C. G. Schwalbe, 

 an obscure German 1»otanist.) 



1. S. Americana, L. ^ — Wet sandy soil, Mass. to La., near the coast. 

 May - July. 



23. EUPHRASIA, Toum. Eyebright. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-cleft. Upper lip of the corolla erect, 

 scarcely arched, 2-lobed, and the sides folded back ; lower lip spreading, 

 3-cleft, the lobes obtuse or notched. Stamens 4, under the upper lip; anther- 

 cells equal, pointed at the base. Capsule oblong, flattened. Seeds numer- 



