424 PLANTAGINACE^, ( PLANTAIN FAMILY.) 



6. P. maritima, L. Perennial; spikes dense. — Coast of Mass.; Gulf 

 of St. Lawrence to Lab. and Greenland. (Eu.) 



* * Flowers of 2 sorts (as respects length of anthers and f laments) on different 

 plants, mostltj cleistogamous; corolla-lobes broad, rounded, persistently spread- 

 ing ; seeds 2, boat-shaped ; inflorescence and narrow leaves silk ij -pubescent 

 or ivoolly ; annual. 



7. P. Patagonica, Jacq., var. gnaphalioides, Gray. White with 

 silky wool; leaves 1 -3-nerved, varying from oblong-linear to filiform ; spike 

 very dense (i--4' long), woolly; bracts not exceeding the calyx; sejials very 

 obtuse, scarious, with a thick centre. — Prairies and dry plains, Minn, to Ind., 

 Ky., and Tex., westward to the Pacific. Very variable. — Var. nuda, Gray 

 with sparse and loose pubescence, green and soon glabrate rigid leaves, and 

 short bracts. — Var. spinul6sa, Gray; a canescent form with aristately pro- 

 longed and rigid bracts. — Var. aristXta, Gray; loosely hairy and green, or 

 becoming glabrous, with narrowly linear bracts 2-3 times the length of the 

 flowers. (Nat. on Martha's Vineyard, and about Boston.) 



§ 2. Flowers subdioecious or poli/gamo-cleistogamous ; the corolla in the fertile 

 [or mainly fertile) plant closed over the maturing capsule and forming a 

 kind of beak, and anthers not exserted ; sterile flowers with spreading corolla 

 and long-exserted filaments ; seeds mostly fiat ; small annuals or biennial. 



* Leaves comparatively broad, short-petioled or subsessile ; stamens 4. 



8. P. Virginica, L. Hairy or hoary -pubescent (2 - 9' high) ; leaves ob- 

 long, varying to obovate and spatulate-lanceolate, 3-5-nerved, slightly or 

 coarsely and sparingly toothed; spikes mostly dense (1-2' long) ; seeds usu- 

 ally 2. — Sandy grounds, S. New Eng. to S. 111., south to Fla. and Ariz. 



* * Leaves linear or filiform ; fiowers very small : stamens 2 ; spike slender. 



9. P. pusilla, Nutt. Minutely pubescent (1-4' high); leaves entire; 

 capsule short-ovoid, 4-seeded, little exceeding the calyx and bract. — Sandy 

 soil, southern N. Y. to Va., west to the Rocky Mts. Apr. -Aug. 



10. P. heterophylla, Nutt. Leaves rather fleshy, acute, entire, or some 

 of them below 2 - 4-lobed or toothed ; capsule ohlong-conoidal, lO-28-seeded, 

 nearly twice the length of the calyx and bract. — Low sandy ground, Penn 

 to Fla. and Tex. Apr. -June. 



2. LITTORELLA, L. 



Flowers monoecious; the male solitary on a mostly simple naked scape 

 calyx 4-parted, longer than the cylindraceous 4-cleft corolla ; stamens exsertefl 

 on very long capillary filaments. Female flowers usually 2, sessile at the base 

 of the scape ; calyx of 3 or 4 unequal sepals ; corolla urn-shaped, with a 3-4- 

 toothed orifice. Ovary with a single cell and ovule, tipped with a long later- 

 ally stigmatic style, maturing as an achene. (Name from lifus or liftus, shore, 

 from the place of growtli.) 



1. L. lacustris, L. Stoloniferous but otherwise stemless ; leaves terete, 

 linear-subulate, 1 - 2' long. — In water or on gravelly shores. Nova Scotia and 

 N. Brunswick, to L. Champlain {Pr ingle) and Out. 



