EUPHORBIACE^. (SPURGE FAMILY.) 455 



red base ; involucres about the length of the peduncle, with 5 ovate incised 

 lobes and a single or few and almost sessile glands ; seeds nearly globular, 

 tubercled. — Slopes and rocky soil, Minn, to W. 111., Iowa and ^lo. 



§ 6. TITHYMALUS. Involucres in a terminal dichotomous or conunonlij um- 

 belliform inflorescence, 5- or usuallt/ A-lobed, with as mantj flu.t or convex 

 entire or crescent-shaped glands ; seeds carunculate {except n. 15); ours as- 

 cending or erect, and mostlij glabrous, without stipules. 



* Perennials with entire leaves, all or only the upper opposite ; involucres long- 



peduncled in a dichotomous inflorescence, mostly with 5 transversely oblong 

 glands ; seeds without caruncle. 



15. E. Ipecacuanhse, L. Stems many from a very long perpendicular 

 root, erect or diffusely spreading (5- 10' long), forking from near the base; 

 leaves varying from obovate or oblong to narrowly linear, almost sessile, 

 glabrous; peduncles elongated (i-T long); pod loug-pedicelled, obtusely 

 angled, nearly smooth ; seed ovate, white, sparsely marked with impressed 

 dots. — Sandy soil, near the coast ; Conn, to Fla. ; also barrens of S. Ind. 



* « Leaves scattered, only the floral in the umbelliform inflorescence whorled or 



opposite and of a different shape; glands mostly 4. 



■t- Leaves serrulate or rarely entire ; glands transversely oval, obtuse. 



++ Seeds smooth and even; pod warty or rough. 



16. E. Darlingtonii, Gray. TaW perennial {2-^° high); leaves entire, 

 minutely downy beneath ; those of the stem lanceolate-oblong from a narrow 

 base ; the floral oval, very obtuse ; the upper roundish-dilated with a truncate 

 base ; umbel 5- 8-rayed, then simply forked; pod minutely icarty ; large glob- 

 ular seed with a small caruncle. — Copses, N. Y. and Penn., to the mountains 

 of N. C. July - Sept. 



17. E. ObtUSata, Pursh. Erect anmm/ (1-2° high); leaves oblong-spat- 

 ulate, minutely serrulate, smooth, all obtuse ; upper ones cordate at base ; floral 

 ones ovate, dilated, barely mucronate ; umbel once or twice divided into 3 rays, 

 then into 2 ; involucre with naked lobes and small stipitate glands ; styles dis- 

 tinct, longer than the ovary, erect, 2-cleft to the middle ; pod beset with long 

 warts. — Damp woods, Ya. to S. C, west to Iowa and Kan. jNIay - July. 



E. PLATYPHYLLA, L. Ercct annual (8-18' high) ; upper stem-leaves lance- 

 olate-oblong, acute, cordate at base, minutely serrulate, mostly with scattered 

 hairs beneath ; floral ones triangular-ovate, subcordate ; umbel 5-rayed ; invo- 

 lucre with ciliate lobes and large sessile glands ; styles longer than the ovary, 

 united at base, sliqhth; 2-rleft : pod covered with depressed warts. — Along the 

 St Lawrence and Great Lakes to Mich. June- Aug. (Adv. from Eu.) 



■^ •*-*• Seeds rugose or reticulated ; leaves serrulate ; annuals. 



18. E. dictyosperma, Fischer & Meyer. Stem erect (8-18' high); 

 leaves oblong- or obovate-spatulate, smooth, all obtuse and obtusely serrate ; 

 upper ones cordate at base; floral ones roundish-ovate or obscurely heart- 

 shaped, slightly mucronate; umbels once or twice 3-forked, then 2-forked; 

 involucre with nearly naked lobes and .small almost sessile glands ; styles 

 shorter than the ovary, spreading or recurved ; pod icarty ; seeds delicately 

 reticulated. — Prairies and roadsides, Md. to Minn., Ala., and westward 

 May - July. 



