524 LiLiACE^. (lily family.) 



Lilium, but introrse. Filaments and style long and thread-like, declined and 

 ascending; stigma simple. Capsule (at first rather fleshy) 3-angled, loculi- 

 cidally 3-valved, with several black spherical seeds in each cell. — IShowy per- 

 ennials, with fleshy -fibrous roots; the long and linear keeled leaves 2-ranked 

 at the base of the tall scapes, which bear at the summit several bracted and 

 large yellow flowers ; these collapse and decay after expanding for a single 

 day (whence the name, from r]ix4pa, a daij, and KoiWos, beauty.) 



H, FULVA, L. (Common Day-Lily.) Inner divisions (petals) of the tawny 

 orange perianth wavy and obtuse. — Koadsides, escaped from gardens. (Adv. 

 from Eu.) 



9. YUCCA, L. Bear-Grass. Spanish Bayonet. 



Perianth of 6 petal-like (white or greenish) oval or oblong and acute flat 

 sepals, withering-persistent, the 3 inner broader, longer than the 6 stamens. 

 Stigmas 3, sessile. Capsule oblong, somewhat 6-sided, 3-celled, or imperfectly 

 6-celled by a partition from the back, fleshy, at length loculicidally 3-valved 

 from the apex. Seeds very many in each cell, flattened. — Stems woody, either 

 very short or rising into thick and columnar palm-like trunks, bearing per- 

 sistent rigid linear or sword-shaped leaves, and an often ample compound pan- 

 icle or branched raceme of showy flowers. (The native Haytian name for the 

 root of the Cassava-plant.) 



1. Y. angustifolia, Pursh. Caudex none or very short ; leaves straight 

 very stiff and pungent, ^-2° long by 1 -6" wide, filiferous on the margin; ra- 

 ceme mostly simple, nearly sessile (1-4° long); flowers 1^-2^' wide; stigmas 

 green, shorter than the ovary; capsule 6-sided (3' long); seeds 5-6" broad. 

 — S. Dak. to Iowa, Kan, , and N. Mex. May, June. 



2. Y. filamentosa, L. (Adam's Needle.) Caudex 1° high or less, 

 from a running rootstock ; leaves numerous, coriaceous, more or less tapering 

 to a short point, rough on the back, 1^-2° long by 1-3' wide, filiferous on 

 the margin; panicle pyramidal, densely flowered, on a stout bracteate scape, 4- 

 9° high; flowers large; stigmas pale, elongated; capsule \Y long; seeds 3" 

 broad. — Near the coast, Md. to Fla. and La. July. Very variable. 



10. C O N V A L L A R I A, L. Lily of the Valley. 



Perianth bell-shaped (white), 6-lobed, deciduous; the lobes recurved. Sta- 

 mens 6, included, inserted on the base of the perianth ; anthers introrse. Ovary 

 3-celled, tapering into a stout style ; stigma triangular. Ovules 4 - 6 in each 

 cell. Berry few-seeded (red). — A low perennial herb, glabrous, steraless, with 

 slender running rootstocks, sending up from a scaly-sheathing bud 2 oblong 

 leaves, with their long sheathing petioles enrolled one within the other so as 

 to appear like a stalk, and an angled scape bearing a one-sided raceme of pretty 

 and sweet-scented nodding flowers. (Altered from Lilium convallium, the 

 popular name.) 



I . C. maj alls, L. — High mountains of Va. to S. C. Apparently identical 

 with the European Lily of the Valley of the gardens. 



11. POLYGONATUM, Tourn. Solomon's Seal. 



Perianth cylindrical-oblong, 6-lobed at the summit ; the 6 stamens inserted 

 on or above the middle of the tube, included ; anthers introrse. Ovary 3-celled. 



