i^iLiACE^. (lily family.) 53 J 



filaments (persistently green about the fruit) and anthers, exceeding the veri) 

 slender erector snberect and someiuhat coherent stir/nuts; fruit globose, ^-l' 

 long. — Rich woods, Yt. to N. C, west to Minn, and Mo. 



++ ■'-i- Pedicel short, recurved or strongly declinate; Jilaments slender, about 



equalling the anther. 



5. T. e6rnuum, L. Leaves very broadly rhombic-ovate (2-4' broad); 

 petals white or pink, ovate- to oblong-lanceolate (6- \2" long), wavy, recurved- 

 spreading; stamens with short anthers, shorter than the stout recurved dis- 

 tinct stigmas ; fruit ovate. — Moist woods, N. Eng. to Minn., south to Ga. 

 and Mo. 



* * Ovary and fruit 3-lobed or angled, not winged ; Jilaments slender, about 

 equalling the anthers ; pedicel erect or inclined ; leaves petiolate. 



6. T. nivale, Riddell. (Dwarf White T.) Small (2-4' high); leaves 

 oval or ovate, obtuse (1-2' long); petals oblong, obtuse (6-15" long), ichite, 

 scarcely wavy, spreading from an erect base, equalling the peduncle ; st}les 

 long and slender ; fruit depressed globose, with 3 rounded lobes, 3 - 4" long. 

 — Rich woods, W. Penn. and Ky. to Minn, and Iowa. 



7. T. erythroc^rpum, Michx. (Painted T.) Leaves ovate, taper- 

 pointed; petals ovate or ovcd-lanceolate, pointed, wavy, widely spreading, white 

 painted with purple stripes at the base, shorter than the peduncle; fruit broad- 

 ovate, obtuse, 7 - 9" long. — Cold damp woods and bogs, N. Brunswick to Ga.. 

 west to Wise, and Mo. 



24. HELONIAS, L. 



Flowers perfect. Perianth of 6 spatulate-oblong purple sepals, persistent, 

 several-nerved, glandless, turning green, shorter than the thread-like filaments. 

 Anthers 2-celled, roundish-oval, blue, extror.se. Styles revolute, stigmatic 

 down the inner side, deciduous. Capsule obcordately 3-lobed, loculicidally 

 3-valved ; the valves divergently 2-lobed. Seeds many in each cell, linear, with 

 a tapering appendage at both ends. — A smooth perennial, with many oblong- 

 spatulate or oblanceolate evergreen flat leaves, from a tuberous rootstock, pro- 

 ducing in early spring a stout hollow sparsely bracteate scape (1-2° high), 

 sheathed Avith broad bracts at the base, and terminated by a simple and short 

 dense raceme. Bracts obsolete ; pedicels shorter than the flowers. (Name 

 probably from e'Aos, a swamp, the place of growth.) 



1- H. bullata, L. — Wet places, Penn. and N. J. to Va. ; rare and local. 



25. CHAMiELIRIUM, Willd. Devil's-Bit. 



Flowers dioecious. Perianth of 6 spatulate-linear (white) spreading l-nerved 

 sepals, withering-persistent. Filaments and (white) anthers, as in Helonias; 

 fertile flowers with rudimentary stamens. Styles linear-club-shaped, stig- 

 matic along the inner side. Capsule ovoid-oblong, not lobed, of a thin tex- 

 ture, loculicidally 3-valved from the apex, many -seeded. Seeds linear-oldong, 

 winged at each end. — Smooth herb, with a wand-like stem from a (bitter) 

 thick and abrupt tuberous rootstock, terminated by a long wand-like spiked 

 raceme (4-12' long) of small bractless flowers; fertile plant more leafv than 

 the staminate. Leaves flat, lanceolate, the lowest spatulate, tapering into ^ 



