566 NAIADACEiE. (P0NDV7EED FAMILY.) 



(N, major, All.) — Marshes and salt-springs of western N. Y. and Mich. Teeth 

 of one or more brownish cells upon a many-celled base. (En.) 



Var. gracilis, Morong. Internodes long (1-3') and nearly naked, with 

 only a few teeth above ; leaves very narrow, the dilated base also toothed ; 

 fruit smaller. — Canoga marshes, western N. Y. ; also in Fla. 



Var. recurv^ta, Dudley. Stems short, inclined to be dichotomously 

 branched, recurved-spreading ; leaves usually recurved, the teeth prominent, 

 the dilated base with a projecting tooth each side. — Cayuga marshes, N. Y. 



2. N, flexilis, Rostk. & Schmidt. Stems usual/ ij very slender; leaves 

 very narroidy linear (i-1' long), very minutely serrulate; fruit \^" long, 

 narrowly oblong; seeds lance-oval, smooth and shining. — Ponds and slow 

 streams, N. Scotia to S. C, Iowa and Minn. Teeth on the margins of the 

 leaves 1-celled. (Eu.) — Var. robusta, Morong. Stem stout, few-leaved, 

 sparsely branching, elongated; leaves flat, abruptly acute. — E. Mass., Mich., 

 and Tex. 



3. N. Indica, Cham., var. gracilliina, A. Br. Branches alternate ; 

 leaves very narrowly linear, nearly capillary, straight, serrate, the rounded lobes 

 of the sheathing base spinulose-ciliate ; fruit linear, impressed-dotted between the 

 numerous ribs. — Mass. to Penn., west to Ind. and Mo. Teeth of 3 cells each. 



Order 127. ERIOCAULE^E. (Pipewort Family.) 



Aquatic or marsh herbs, stemless or short-stemmed, tvith a tuft of fibrous 

 roots, a cluster of linear and often loosely cellular grass-like leaves, and 

 naked scapes sheathed at the base, bearing dense heads of monoecious or 

 rarely dioecious small 2 -S-mei'ous flowers, each in the axil of a scarious 

 bract; the perianth double or rxirely simple, chaffy; anthers introrse; the 

 fruit a 2-S-celled 2-S-seeded capsule; seeds pendulous, orthotropous ; 

 embryo at the apex of mealy albumen. — Chiefly tropical plants, a few 

 in northern temperate regions. 



1. £riocauloii* Perianth double, the inner (corolla) tubular-funnel -form in the staminate 



flowers ; stamens twice as many as its lobes (4). Anthers '2-celled. 



2. Peepalanthus. Perianth as in the last ; stamens only as many as the corolla-lobes (3). 



Anthers 2-celled. 

 8. Lachnocaulon. Perianth simple, of 3 sepals. Stamens 3, monadelphous below. 

 Anthers 1-celled. 



1. ERIOCAtjLON, L. Pipewort. 



Flowers monoecious and androgynous, i. e. both kinds in tlie same head, either 

 Intermixed, or the central ones sterile and the exterior fertile, rarely dioecious. 

 Ster. Fl. Calyx of 2 or 3 keeled or boat-shaped sepals, usually spatulate or 

 dilated upward. Corolla tubular, 2 - 3-lobed, each of the lobes bearing a black 

 gland or spot. Stamens twice as many, one inserted at the base of each lobe 

 and one in each sinus ; anthers 2-celled, Pistils rudimentary. Pert. Fl. Calyx 

 as in the sterile flowers, often remote from the rest of the flower (therefore per- 

 haps to be viewed as a pair of bractlets). Corolla of 2 or 3 separate narrow 

 petals. Stamens none. Ovary often stalked, 2 - 3-lobed, 2 - 3-celled ; style 1 ; 

 stigmas 2 or 3, slender. Capsule membranaceous, loculicidal. — Leaves mostly 

 smooth, loosely cellular and pellucid, flat or concave above. Scapes or pedun 



