CYPERACE^. (sedge FAMILY.) 597 



sharp-edged, nerveless, the orifice entire, perfectly squarrose ; scale thin and 

 blunt, about the length of the perigynium. — Wet meadows, S. Feun. and Va. 

 to 111. ; rare eastward. 



* 2. — +- 2. Andmalce. 



23. C. SCabrata, Schwein. Tall and rather stout, very leafy, 1-3° high , 

 culm sharply and very roughly angled ; leaves broad and Hat, very rough ; 

 spikes 3 - 5, scattered, the upper 1 or 2 sessile, the remainder often long-pe- 

 duncled and sx)metimes nodding, 1-2' long, narrowly cylindrical and com- 

 pactly flowered ; perigynium broadly ovate, prominently few-nerved, rough, 

 the beak nearly as long as the body and slightly toothed ; scale acute and 

 rough-tipped, green-nerved, about as long as the body of the perigynium. — 

 Wet meadows and glades, as far west as Mich. ; common eastward. 



* 2. — -I- 3. KirtcB. 



24. C. vestita, Willd. Stout and stiff, 2-3° high; culm sharply an- 

 gled, smooth or somewhat rough ; leaves narrow and rather short, rongh- 

 ish; staminate spike 1, rarely 2, sessile or nearly so; pistillate spikes 2-5, 

 approximate and sessile, or rarely the lowest sub-radical, often staminate at 

 top, oblong or short-cylindric (rarely 1' long), compactly flowered; perigyn- 

 ium ovate, nerved, stifHy hairy, short-beaked, the beak often purple, and white 

 hyaline at the orifice, which becomes more or less split with age ; scale thin 

 and blunt or acute, shorter than the perigynium. — Tufted in sandy soils, from 

 N. Eng. to N. Y., and southward ; frequent. 



25. C. striata, Michx., var. brevis, Bailey. Stiff, H - 2^^° high ; culm 

 sharply angled, smooth or slightly rough above, mostly exceeding the leaves , 

 leaves narrow and stiff, becoming involute ; spikes 1-2, mostly closely sessile, 

 considerably separated w^hen two, short (rarely 1^' long) and rather tliick, 

 erect ; perigynium broad-ovate with impressed nerves, smooth, ascending, short- 

 beaked and very short-toothed ; scale thin, obtuse or acutish, mostly about -i as 

 long as the perigynium. — Pine-barren swamps, N. J., and southward; local. 



26. C. Houghtonii, Torr. Stiff, 1-2° high, extensively creeping; 

 culm rather sharply angled, rough, exceeding the leaves ; leaves flat and very 

 sharp-pointed; spikes 1-3, sessile or the lowest short-stalked, erect, varying 

 from nearly globular to cylindric ( 1 J' long), compact ; perigynium short-ovate, 

 stiffly pubescent, prominently nerved and toothed ; scale thin-margined, acute 

 or awned, shorter than the perigynium. — Sandy knolls and banks from Maine 

 to Minn, along our northern borders, and northwestward ; rather local. 



27. C. jaiiformis, L. Tall and very slender but erect, 2-3° high ; culn. 

 obtuse, smooth ; leaves very long, involute-filiform, rough ; spikes 1 - 3, ses- 

 sile, somewhat scattered, erect, short and thick (rarely over V long) ; perigyn- 

 ium very short-ovate, the teeth very short, the few nerves obscured by the 

 dense stiff hairs ; scale thin and blunt, about as long as the perigvnium. — 

 Bogs, throughout, north of Penn. ; frequent. (Eu.) 



Var. latif olia, Boeckl. Culm mostly rough above ; leaves flat, 1 - 2''* 

 broad ; spikes usually somewhat slimmer and scales often sharper and longer 

 (C. lanuginosa, Michx.) — Swales and low meadows, throughout; common. 



C. iifRTA, L. Variable in size (t^-2° high), widely creeping; culm rather 

 slender but erect, obtuse and smooth or slightly rough above ; leaves soft and 



