614 CYPERACEiE. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



§ 2. VIGNEA. — * 11. AcROARRHi:N^. — -»- 1. Fdetidce 



98. C. chordorhiza, Ehrh. Verj extensively stolouiferous , cami 

 mostly erect, 1 - 1^° long ; leaves involute, shorter than the culm ; perigyaium 

 globular, very strongly nerved, short-pointed and entire, about the length of 

 the acute scale. — Cold bogs and soft lake-borders, Vt. to Iowa, ana north- 

 ward ; infrequent. ( Eu.) 



99. C. stenoph;^lla, Wahl. Stiff, 3 - 8' high ; leaves involute and shorter 

 than the culm; perigyuium ovate, flat on the inner face, lightly nerved, grad- 

 ually contracted into a short and entire rough-edged beak, tightly enclosing 

 the achene, at maturity longer than the hyaline acutish scale. — Dry grounds, 

 Thayer Co., Neb. {Bessey) j Emmet Co., Iowa {C ratty), and westward. (Eu.) 



* 11. — -1- 2. Vtdpince. 



t-f. Beak shorter than or about as long as the body of the perigynium. 



100. C. COnjllncta, Boott. Strict but rather weak, l|-3^° high; culm 

 soft and sharply triangular or nearly wing-angled, becoming perfectly flat 

 when pressed ; leaves soft, about 3" broad ; head 1-3' long, interrupted, often 

 nearly green, infrequently bearing a few setaceous bracts ; perigynium lance- 

 ovate, light colored, whitish and thickened below, the beak lightly notched 

 and roughish, about equalling or a little exceeding the cuspidate scale. — ■ 

 Swales and glades, N. J., Ky., and westward ; usually rare. 



++ .fi- Beak twice the length of the body of the perigynium or longer. 



101. C. Stipata, Muhl. Stout, 1-3° high, in clumps; culm rather soft, 

 very sharp ; head 1-3' long, rarely somewhat compound at base, interrupted, 

 the lowest spikes of ten -I' long ; perigynium lanceolate, brown-nerved, the beak 

 toothed and roughish, about twice the length of the body, and much longer 

 than the scale. — Swales ; common and variable. 



102. C. crus-COrvi, Shuttlew. Stout, glaucous, 2-3° high; culm 

 rough, at least above ; leaves flat and very Avide ; head much branched and 

 compound, 3-6' long ; perigynium long-lanceolate, the short base very thick 

 and disk-like, the roughish and very slender beak thrice the length of the body 

 or more, 3-4 times the length of the inconspicuous scale. — Swamps, S. Minn 

 to Neb. and Ky., and southward ; rare northward. 



* 11. — -i- 3. Midtiforoi. 

 ■^ Spikes conspicuously panicled. 



103. C. decomposita, Muhl. Stout, exceedingly deep green, 11-3° 

 high, m stools ; culm very obtusely angled, almost terete below ; leaves firm, 

 channelled below, longer than the culm; head 2-4' long, the lower branches 

 ascending and 1-2' long; perigynium very small, round-obovate, few-nerved, 

 hard and at maturity shining, the abrupt short beak entire or very nearly so ; 

 scale acute, about the length of the perigynium. — Swamps, N. Y. to Mich., 

 and southward ; local. 



t-4. ++ Spikes in a simple or nearly simple ht^ad. 

 = Leaves very narrow (1" bi^oad or less), becoming more or less involute. 



104. C. teretiuscula, Gooden. Slender but mostly erect, li-2|o high, 

 in loose stools ; culm rather obtuse, rough at the top, mostly longer than the 

 leaves; head 1-2' long, compact or somewhat interrupted, narrow (|' wide or 



