GRAMINE^. (grass FAMILY.) 639 



§ 1. PHALARIS proper. Panicle very dense, spike-like ; glumes wing-keeled. 



P. Canariensis, L. (Cakary-Grass.) Annual, 1 - 2° high ; spike oval; 

 empty glumes white with green veins, the rudimentary ones small lanceolate 

 scales. — Waste places and roadsides ; rare. (Adv. from Eu.) 



§ 2. DIGRAPHIS. Panicle branched, the clusters open in anthesis-; glumes 



not winged on the hack. 



1. P. arundinacea, L. (Reed C.) (PI. 13, fig. l, 2.) Perennial, 



2-4° high; leaves flat (3-5" wide); glumes open at flowering, 3-nerved5 

 thrice the length of tlie fertile flo\ver ; rudimentary glumes reduced to a mi- 

 nute hairy scale or pedicel. — Wet grounds ; common, especially northward. 

 June, July — Var. pfcTA, the leaves striped with white, is the familiar Rib- 

 bok-Grass of the gardens. (Eu.) 



17. ANTHOXANTHUM, L. Sweet Vernal-Grass. (PI. 13.) 



Spikelets spiked-panicled, 1-flowered. Glumes .5, the third and fourth empty, 

 liairv, 2-lobed and awned on the back, the flowering glume and palet small, 

 hyaline and obtuse ; basal glumes persistent, very thin, acute, keeled, the 

 lower half as long as the upper. Squamulis none. Stamens 2. Grain ovate, 

 adherent. (Name compounded of &,vQos,ftou-er, and 6.vBo}v, of flowers. L.) 



A. odorAtum, L. Spikelets (l)rownish or tinged with green) spreading at 

 floAvering-time ; one middle glume bearing a bent awn from near its base, the 

 other short-awned below the tip. — Meadows, pastures, etc. Low slender 

 perennial ; very sweet-scented in drying. May - July. (Nat. from Eu.) 



18. HIEROCHLOE, Gmelin. Holy Grass. (PI. 13.) 



Spikelets 3-flowered, open-panicled, the two lower (lateral) flowers staminate 

 only, 3-androus, sessile, the carinate glumes often awned on the middle of the 

 back or near the tip, the uppermost flower perfect, short-pedicelled, scarcely 

 as long as the others, 2-androus, awnless. Basal glumes persistent, carinate, 

 acute, somewhat 3-nerved, equalliug or exceeding the spikelet. — Perennials; 

 leaves flat. (Name composed of Up'js, sacred, and x^'^Vy gf<^^s >' these sweet- 

 scented grasses being strewn before the church-doors on saints' days, in the 

 North of Europe.) 



1. H. borealis, Roem. & Schultes. (Vanilla or Seneca Grass.) (PI. 

 13, fig. 1, 2.) Panicle somewhat one-sided, pyramidal (2-5' long) ; peduncles 

 smooth ; staminate flowers with the glume mucronate or bristle-pointed at or 

 near the tip; rootstock creeping. — Moist meadows, chiefly northward near 

 the coast and along the Great Lakes. May. — Culm 1-2° high, with short 

 lanceolate leaves. Spikelets chestnut-color; the staminate flowers stronglj 

 hairy -fringed on the margins, and the fertile one at the tip. (Eu.) 



2. H. alpina, Roem. & Schultes. Panicle contracted (1 - 2' long) ; one 

 of the staminate flowers with its glume barely pointed or short-awned near 

 the tip, the other long-awned from below the middle ; lowest leaves very nar- 

 row. — Alpine mountain-tops, N. Eng., N. Y., and northward. July. (Eu.) 



19. ARISTIDA, L. Triple-awned Grass. (PI. 8.) 



Spikelets 1 -flowered, not jointed on the pedicels. Outer glumes unequal, 

 often bristle-pointed; the flowering glume tipped with three awns; the palet 

 much smaller. Otherwise much as in Stipa. — Culms branching ; leaves nar- 



