JUNGERMANNIACEiE. (SCALE-MOSSES. ) 711 



11. BLBPHAROSTOMA, Dumort. (PI. 25.) 



Leaves transverse or slightly incubous, 3-4-parted, the divisions capillary; 

 underleaves smaller, mostly 2 -3-parted. Dioecious or monoecious. Fruit ter- 

 minal. Involucral leaves numerous, verticillate, deeply 4-cleft ; perianth ex- 

 serted. pyriform-cylindric, laciniate. Calyptra short, oblong, bilabiate. Cap- 

 sule cyliudric-oblong. Elaters large, very obtuse. Spores large, smooth. 

 Antheridia solitary in the axils of leaf-like bracts. (Name from ^K^'papou, an 

 eyelid, aud arofia, inm/tli, iu allusion to the fringed orifice of the perianth.) 



1. B. trichophyllum, Dumort. Flaccid, branched, creeping; leaf- 

 divisions straight, spreading, each composed of a single row of cells ; perianth 

 ovate-cyliudric. (Jungermannia trichophylla, L.) — On the ground and rot- 

 ten wood. Minute, light green. (Eu.) 



12. CEPHALOZIA, Dumort. (PL 23.) 



Leaves mostly succubous, chiefly 2-lobed, the margins uniformly plane or 

 subincurved ; underleaves smaller, often wanting except on fruiting branches. 

 Branches from the under side of the stem. Monoecious or dioecious. Invo- 

 lucral leaves numerous, capitate, 3-ranked, usually 2-lobed ; perianth long, 

 triangular-prismatic, the constricted mouth variously dentate. Calyptra small. 

 Capsule somewhat oblong. Elaters free. Spores minute. Antheridia in 

 the base of inflated spicate leaves. (Name from /ce^oArj, head, and o^os, bud, 

 for the capitate involucre.) 



§ 1. CEPHALOZIA proper. Perianth more or less ^-angled or 3-carinate ; 

 leaf-cells large {mostlij 25 - 50 /i broad) ; plants mostly medium-sized. 



* Underleaves rarely present except on fruiting branches. 



1. C. Virginiana, Spruce. Without runners, usually pale ; leaves small, 

 obliquely round-ovate, acutely 2-lobed nearly to the middle; cells quadrate- 

 hexagonal, opaque ; dioecious, rarely monoecious ; involucral leaves rouud- 

 (juadrate, with slender acuminate lobes; perianth large, widest above the 

 middle, unequally ciliolate ; capsule large, long-exserted ; antheridial spike 

 long. (C. catenulata of authors; not Huebn.) — On rotten wood or swampy 

 ground, N. Eng. to \"a., and southward. 



2. C. multiflora, Spruce. (PI. 23.) Often subpinnate, without runners, 

 pale green ; leaves small, round-rhombic, decurrent, bifid J their length ; cells 

 quadrate-hexagonal, pellucid ; dioecious ; inner involucral leaves 3-4 times as 

 long as the outer ; perianth linear-fusiform, 3-plaited when young, triau'^ular 

 only above when mature, ciliate or toothed, fleshy; calyptra fleshy, oval-glo- 

 bose ; capsule rather short-pedicelled ; spores cinnamon-color. — On the ground 

 and rotten wood ; common. (Eu.) 



3. C. pleniceps, Underw. Stems very short, branching, densely ces- 

 pitose, pale green or whitish ; leaves thick, orbicular, strongly concave, sub- 

 clasping but not decurrent, bifid ^ their length, the acute lobes incurved and 

 strongly connivent ; involucral leaves oblong, palmately 2 -4-cleft, the ventral 

 like the underleaves ; perianth large, oblong-cylindric, obtusely angled, the 

 plicate mouth denticulate. (Jungermannia pleniceps, ^'/.s/.) — xVraong Sphag- 

 num in the White Mts. {Oakes). 



