718 JUNGERMANNIACE^. ( SCALE-MOSSES.) 



leaves 2 or 4. Perianth terete, the lower half thickened, Cah ptra fleshy, con- 

 fluent with the perianth for | its length. Capsule oval. Antheridia 1 or 2 in 

 the axils of bracts terminal on slender branches. (Name from apirv, a sickle, 

 and avQos, flower.) 



1. H. SCUtatUS, Spruce. Stems filiform, decumbent, usually simple; 

 leaves smaller at the base and apex of the stems, roundish-ovate, concave, 

 sharply bidentate, the apex lunate or acute ; underleaves large, acuminate 

 mvolucral leaves two, 2-3-cleft, the upper adnate to the perianth; perianth 

 ovate, becoming obovate, obscurely 3-4-plicate, splitting above on one side, 

 capsule deep brown. (Jungermannia scutata, Weber.) — On rotten logs in 

 damp places ; common. (Eu.) 



H. Flotovianus, Nees. (PI. 23.) Stems flexuous, procumbent, mostly 

 unbranched; leaves ovate-orbicular, horizontal, the apex contracted and emar- 

 gmate with a shallow sinus ; underleaves large, ovate or lanceolate, obli(iuely 

 inserted, entire or more often toothed on one or both sides near the middle; 

 dioecious; perianth subcylindric, slightly sickle-shaped, the mouth pointed at 

 first, notched on one side and finally crenulate ; antheridia elliptic, single in 

 the base of swollen leaves. (Pleuranthe olivacea, Taijl.) — " North America " 

 (Jjruminond), but not collected recently ; certainly extralimital. 



23. LIOCHLiSNA, Xees. (PI. 25.) 



Leaves succubous, ovate-oblong, entire or slightly retuse ; underleaves none. 

 Dioecious or monoecious. Involucral leaves 2 or 4, like the cauline ; perianth 

 P3^riform, becoming cyliudric, incurved, abruptly rounded at the summit, 

 the minute orifice prominently ciliolate. Capsule oblong, long-exserted. 

 Elaters attached to the middle of the valves. Spores minute, globose. An 

 theridia in the axils of ordinary leaves. Archegonia 5-12. (Name from 

 \e7os, smooth, and xAali/o, a cloak, referring to the perianth.) 



1. L. lanceolata, Nees. Closely creeping, branched ; leaves sometimes 

 decurrent ; involucral leaves vertical ; perianth at right angles with the stem; 

 monoecious. — On banks and rotten logs ; not rare. (Eu.) 



24. JUNGERMANNIA, Micheli. (PI. 25.) 



Leaves succubous, rarely subtransverse, entire, lobed or dentate, the margins 

 never recurved ; underleaves present or none. Dioecious or monoecious. Fruit 

 terminal. Involucral leaves 4 or fewer, like the cauline or more incised, free ; 

 perianth laterally compressed or terete, usually 3- 10-carinate, the usually 

 small mouth entire or toothed. Calyptra oval-pyriform. Capsule globose oi 

 oblong, rarely cylindric. Spores minute, smooth or roughish. Archegonia 

 8-70. (Named for L. Jungermann, a German botanist of the 17th century.) 



§ L JUNGERMANNIA proper. Leaves orbicular or ovate, entire ur barely 

 retuse; underleaves none (very small in n. 1). 



1. J. Schraderi, Martins. (PI. 25.) Creeping, flexuous ; leaves round- 

 eUiptic, entire, ascending ; underleaves broadly subulate, not apparent on old 

 stems ; involucral leaves large, elongated, the inner smaller and more or less 

 laciniate ; perianth oval-obovate, ascending. — On the ground and rotten logs; 

 common. (Eu.) 



2. J. sphserocarpa, Hook. Stems creeping, the tips ascending, sub- 

 simple, greenish • leaves semi-vertical, rather rigid, orbicular, obliquely spread- 



