DPOB 7.1 mis NIGA. 

NOTES ON CEYLON BUTTERFLIES. 
By W. Ormiston, F.E.S. 
(With two Plates.) 
ya I have now collected butterflies in Ceylon for nearly 
thirty years, my notes may prove of some use to other 
collectors, so I have decided to publish them. 
The great majority of my collecting was done at Haldum- 
mulla, in the Province of Uva. This is an exceptionally well- 
situated district : a circle, with its centre at Haldummulla 
post office and a radius of 5 miles, includes a portion of the 
Horton Plains (7,200 feet), Ohiya (6,000 feet), Haputale (5,000 
feet), Diyatalawa (4,400 feet), and low-country with an 
elevation of about 600 feet only. In other words, the variation 
of elevation is at least 6,500 feet. Within this circle I have 
personally taken over 200 species out of the 244 mentioned 
in these notes. 
Naming the species is not an easy matter. The four leading 
authorities on Ceylon butterflies, given in order of date of 
publication, are: Ist, “‘ Lepidoptera of Ceylon,” by Moore ; 
2nd, “ The Butterflies of India, Burma, and Ceylon,” by 
Colonel Marshall and De Niceville; 3rd, “‘ Fauna of India : 
Butterflies,” by Colonel Bingham ; 4th, “‘ A List of Indian 
Butterflies,’ by Captain Evans. In some instances all four 
authorities name the same insect differently, and still further 
changes in the names have appeared since Captain Evans’s 
list was published. 
Most collectors cannot afford to purchase all the books, but 
Moore’s “ Lepidoptera of Ceylon” is the standard work on 
Ceylon specimens only, and is kept at all the principal 
kachcheries, for the benefit of collectors. I have therefore, 
as much as possible, given his names the preference, but 
mention the others, giving the authority after each. 
Butterflies’ names may be composed of four parts: genus, 
sub-genus, species, and race, but it is hardly ever necessary to 
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