30 SPOLIA ZEYLANICA. 
The alcippus form, with white lower wings, is not, I believe, 
found in Ceylon, but I have caught a specimen at Jaffna with 
a small but conspicuous white patch on the upper side of the 
lower wing. 
Localities : it seems to prefer the drier portions of the 
Island, though it occasionally visits the wet zone. 
06. VANESSA CARDUI, B. & E.; Pyrameis cardui, M. & De 
N.—Commonly known as the Painted Lady. 
Found all over the world, from New York to Nuwara 
Eliya. 
Single specimens may be seen anywhere all the year round, 
but in many localities great numbers suddenly appear, though 
it does not seem to flight. 
I have noticed these big hatches at Galle (twice) and Jaftna. 
I have also found the larve in great abundance at Galaha, 
near Kandy. 
“ Caught on the very top of Pedrotalagala ” (F. M. Mack- 
wood). 
57. VANESSA INDICA, B.; Pyrameis indica, M. & De N.; 
Vanessa indica nubicola, E.—The form nubicola is restricted 
to Southern India and Ceylon, but it is doubtful if it is distinct 
from indica, which is found in Southern Europe, Canaries, 
China, Japan, &c. 
It is said to differ from indica, in that “the outer margin 
of the hind wing is comparatively much more broadly black.” 
I have never caught this butterfly below 4,500 feet, but it is 
very common at times above that elevation. 
It is not difficult to catch, but the easiest way to get perfect 
specimens is to collect the pupa. 
The larvee feed on Heterophylla palmata, and tie the leaves 
into a ball about the size of an orange; the pupze can be 
found inside these balls, which are very conspicuous. The 
best implements for collecting them are a pair of scissors and 
a biscuit. tin, as the sting of the nettle is painful, though it 
passes off quickly. 
In Vol. VII., Part 38, of ‘‘ Spolia Zeylanica,’’ Mr. E. E. 
Green describes two abnormal varieties of this hatched from 
larve brought down trom Diyatalawa to Peradeniya, where 
they pupated. He thought the aberration might be due to 
