130 SPOLIA ZEYLANICA, 
on the lower wing is broken up into a broad apical patch 
reaching to interspace 5, followed by triangular spots at the 
ends of veins 2 to 5, continued a little way up each vein. 
There is usually a pink border to the under side of the costa 
of the fore wing, and the cilia are sometimes salmon-pink, as 
given by Bingham. In the warm season form the apex of the 
fore wing 1s more rounded, and the black marginal band on 
both wings is unbroken, being continuous from the apex of 
the fore wing to the tornus of the hind wing. The pink border 
to the under side of the costa is never present, and the cilia are 
pale yellow mixed with black. On the under side of the 
fore wing there is occasionally a distinct narrow pre-apical 
black streak running from the costa to vein 4. All the other 
markings are more obscure. 
The cold season form is rare, and is most likely to be taken 
at Haldummulla from January to March, a cold, dry season 
following the rains. The warm season form is very plentiful 
here all the year round, and is found everywhere on the patanas 
of Uva from 500 to over 6,000 feet elevation. It is common at 
Galaha, near Kandy. 
The size of my specimens varies from 26 to 45 mm. in 
expanse, dwarfs being by far the commonest. 
155. TeRraAs venaTA, B. & De N.; Nirmula venaia, EK. ; 
Terias cingala and rama, M.—Found in India, China, the 
Philippines, &c. 
Moore separated this into cingala and rama, and, taking 
extreme examples, the difference is considerable, especially 
in the females. Cingala has the apex of the fore wings 
rounded, rama has it acuminate. Other differences are :— 
In cingala 3.—Upper side: The black border of the fore 
wing is but slightly, if at all, narrowed below vein 1, and it is 
continued as a fine black line the whole length of the dorsum 
to the base ; its inner edge is very slightly produced inward 
along veins 2 and 3; there is a distinct black streak on the 
disco-cellulars, and the veins of the upper half of the wing are 
marked out in black ; the sex mark is large. 
Under side: All markings are very indistinct ; on the fore 
wing there is usually a minute black spot at the upper apex 
