CEYLON BUTTERFLIES. V57 
local races apparently also occur in the phillippina and 
kumara groups of the genus Parnara and others. 
A question which arises is whether differences in colour 
caused by climatic influences are accompanied by changes in 
the prehensores. This, of course, can only be settled by breed- 
ing experiments. For instance, Indian writers treat Caprona 
saraya as a seasonal form of C. ransonnettii, though Elwes and 
Edwards point out that their clasps differ considerably. In 
Ceylon CO. siamica shows an almost similar divergence from 
C. ransonnettit, and would therefore, I presume, be regarded 
as a seasonal form. I have examined over a dozen specimens 
of C. siamica, and have, so far, found no signs of grading in the 
clasps, and am therefore inclined to regard it as distinct. 
(See Pl. 3, figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12.) 
To satisfactorily settle the status of our Ceylon species and 
races, it will be necessary to examine a large number of allied 
Indian forms, especially from Southern India, and I shall be 
very grateful to any Indian collectors who may send me 
specimens for dissection. 
In describing external markings, Elwes and Edwards use 
a different nomenclature for the parts of the wing from that 
given in Plate 1. For instance, they call the vein next below 
vein 2 vein la, and the interspace between this vein and vein 2 
cell la. To avoid confusion I have continued to use Bing- 
ham’s terms, and call the former vein 1, and the latter 
interspace 1. 
My attention has been called to the fact that Moore’s 
Lepidoptera Indica is now the leading work on this group. 
The price (£80), however, places it beyond the reach of most 
collectors. 
191. HANTANA INFERNUS.—Peculiar to Ceylon. 
‘This is a very variable species. In my lightest marked 
specimen the markings on the upper side of the fore wing 
consist of two minute pre-apical yellow spots. In the most 
heavily marked there are three pre-apical spots, one spot in 
the cell touching the pre-costal vein, and a smaller one 
below it, and a small one in the centre of interspace 2. Some 
specimens have a minute spot on the costa, above the spot in 
the cell ; Moore says these are females ; all I have seen were 
11 6(8)19 
