OWLS AND DIURNAL BIRDS OF PREY. 365 
Young birds are brown above, with rufous edges to the 
feathers ; all the tail feathers are barred, the bars on the outer 
feathers being narrower and more numerous ; lower parts 
white with large brown drop-shaped markings, which are 
largest on the breast ; there is generally a brown stripe down 
the centre of the throat. 
Bill bluish, darker at the tip; cere greenish-yellow ; iris 
yellow or orange, darkening to red in old birds ; legs and feet 
yellow. 
Females : length 13:50; wing 7°5; tail 6°53; tarsus 2; 
mid-toe without claw 1°25; bill from gape ° 75. 
Males are smaller: length about 12 ; wing 6: 75. 
Distribution.—Found all over the Island in considerable 
numbers. It oecurs throughout India and Burma, extending 
westwards into Southern Persia and eastwards as far as China. 
Habits, &¢.—May be seen almost anywhere, except in thick 
forest. According to Legge, it is a partial migrant, the 
majority of the birds seen near the sea during the north-east 
monsoon retiring inland to breed during the south-west. It 
feeds largely on lizards, but will also take small birds, rats, 
mice, grasshoppers, &c. The call is a two-syllabled whistle. 
The breeding season appears to last from April till about . 
August. The nest is rather a loose structure of twigs, about 
a foot across, and lined with grass. It is generally placed 
near the top of a tree. The three eggs are plain bluish-white ; 
the texture is smooth, but glossless. Average size 1°55 
by 1°22. 
LOPHOSPIZIAS TRIVIRGATUS (Blanford, Vol. IIT., p. 401). 
ASTUR TRIVIRGATUS (Legge, p. 20). 
The Crested Goshawk. 
Description.—Adult : Forehead, crown, and short crest 
blackish, shading into ashy on the sides of the head and neck, 
the shafts of the feathers darker ; upper parts from nape to tail 
coverts dark glossy-brown ; upper tail coverts tipped with 
white ; wing quills with blackish bars, much more distinct on 
the underside of the feathers than above ; tail smoky-brown 
with four broad blackish bands. Chin and throat white with 
8 6(21)20 
